Woody-herbaceous-livestock species interactions have attracted a great deal of research attention due to global land cover changes and increasing livestock production systems around the world. It has been well recognized that many local and regional factors, physical and biological, influence the interaction between woody and herbaceous species. While impacting the dynamics, and tipping the bal...

background and aims: in iran herbal water and dried herb are as traditional medicinal and are consumed widely. therefore, microbial evaluation of these products in term of public health is important. the aim of the present study was to study the contamination of some dried medical plants and distillates in the groceries of shahrekord city. methods: in this descriptive study, 35 samples of herba...

To document trends in land use and herbaceous production, 71 field sites sampled among cropped fields, fallow fields and rangelands in the Fakara region (Niger) were monitored from 1994 to 2006. The overall trend in land use confirmed the historical increase of the cropped areas since mid 20th century, at an annual rate of 2% from 1994 to 2006. This trend is the result of changes in the relativ...

Trait predictions from leaf spectral properties are mainly applied to tree species, while herbaceous systems received little attention in this topic. Whether similar trait-spectrum relations can be derived for herbaceous plants that differ strongly in growing strategy and environmental constraints is therefore unknown. We used partial least squares regression to relate key traits to leaf spectr...

Biocrude oil from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) demonstrates promise as a supplement to the transportation fuel supply. However, its poor chemical (heteroatom content, energy content), physical (viscosity, density), and thermal (boiling point distribution, cetane value, cold-flow properties) characteristics limit commercial application. This study investigated potential for biocrude distillat...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lobed leaves are considered selectively advantageous in conditions of high irradiance. However, most studies have involved woody species, with only a few considering the role of leaf lobation in herbaceous rosette species. In this study, it is hypothesized that, in addition to its adaptive value in high light, leaf lobation may add to the function of petioles as vertical spa...

We coordinated a large-scale evaluation of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) population response to establishment of 9-m to 37-m linear patches (buffers) of native herbaceous vegetation along rowcrop field margins as part of the Conservation Reserve Program practice Habitat Buffers for Upland Birds (CP33). We compared northern bobwhite covey densities on 1,088 paired row-crop fields with ...

Southern pine plantations are increasingly established using herbicides to control herbaceous and/or woody competing vegetation to enhance growth, but little is known about the effect on wood quality. A study was established at 13 southern locations in 1984 to examine the effects of complete control of woody, herbaceous, and woody plus herbaceous competition for the first 3 to 5 years on the gr...

As one of the oldest distillates in the world, flavor compounds of Chinese Baijiu (Chinese liquor) were extremely complex. Propyl lactate was firstly detected by direct injection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in 72 Chinese Baijius. The objectives were to detect the contents of propyl lactate and evaluate its contribution to the aroma of Chinese Baijiu based on odor activity va...

The monitoring of total sulfur content and speciation of individual sulfur-containing compounds in middle distillates is required for efficient catalyst selection and for a better understanding of the kinetics of the reactions involved in hydrotreament processes. Owing to higher resolution power and enhanced sensitivity, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) hyphenated to sul...