In recent years, ethnic fractionalization has emerged as a central variable in quantitative analyses of outcomes ranging from economic growth rates (Easterly and Levine, 1997) and the quality of governance (La Porta et al, 1999) to ethnic conflict (Kay et al, 2000) and the frequency of coups d’etat (Londregan and Poole, 1990). Almost all such analyses employ, either alone or in combination with...

Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. Abstract: This paper investigates bundle pricing under imperfect competition. In a multiproduct context, we first examine how substitution/complementarity relationships among products can affect pricing. This is used to motivate multi-produc...

In the Western world, consumers complain about the soaring of non-interest bank fees during the recent years, the post global financial crisis in particular. Commercial banks charge a variety of non-interest fees for their transactions. This paper empirically tests whether the free charges are significantly different between conventional commercial banks and interest free Islamic banks. The ave...

interest free banking law at 1363 was implemented in the banking system in iran. one of the main goals of this law was eliminating usury from monetary system, and utilization from non-usury credit impact on economic growth through preferring money contribution in the capital. this paper uses data from years 1363 to 1386 and implementing herfindahl-hirschman index, evaluated and ranked concentra...

We examine the relationship between multi-blockholder contestability and coalition firm risk using an unbalanced panel of 646 Korean non-financial firms with 7,582 firm-years from 2010 to 2017 (8 years). For contestability, we use second-to-first blockholder index second-and third-to-first index. The Herfindahl-Harshman Index Concentration Difference are used for a coalition. Using different me...

Abstract This paper derives a European Herfindahl–Hirschman concentration index from 15 micro-aggregated country datasets. In the last decade, rose due to reallocation of economic activity toward large and concentrated industries. Over same period, productivity gains an increasing allocative efficiency market accounted for 50% growth while markups stayed constant. Using country-industry variati...

India has been one of the largest producers oilseeds in world. Correspondingly, oilseed sector occupies an important position agricultural economy country. Oilseeds, especially edible oilseeds, have integral part cropping system till beginning monoculture triggered by implementation a new agriculture strategy since 1960s. This paper evaluates pattern diversity Thar Desert Rajasthan at district ...

We analyze the trading activity in an Internet chat room with approximately 1,300 participants. Traders make posts in real time about their activities. We find these traders are more skilled than retail investors analyzed in other studies. 55% make profits after transaction costs, and they earn $153 per trade. Traders hold their winners 25% longer than their losers. They have statistically sign...

Total institutional ownership, institutional ownership by type of institution (e.g. banks, insurance companies, mutual funds), and a new measure of ownership concentration (similar to the Herfindahl Index) are used to explain contemporaneous bid-ask spreads for 72 quarters (1983-2000) of NASDAQtraded stocks. When controlling for a number of commonly-used variables, relative bid-ask spreads are ...