On August 19, 2009, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed Hiberix (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium), a Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine composed of H. influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide (polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate [PRP]) conjugated to inactivated tetanus toxoid (PRP-T). Hiberix is licensed for use as the booster (final) dose of the Hib va...

BACKGROUND Chronic adenoid infection by β-lactam-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and biofilm formation contribute to adenoid hyperplasia. Middle ear disease consequently remains a critical issue in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of Hib biofilm formation with middle ear effusion with adenoid hyperplasia (MEE-AH) and with pediatric...

Although the importance of the vagal nerve in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma has been reported, its precise contribution is still not fully understood. To shed more light on this area, we evaluated the possible contribution of vagal reflex in histamine-induced bronchoconstriction (HIB), and decided the site of action of histamine on the vagal nerve. For this purpose, we studied the effect...

Vaccination of infants with conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines has been proven to reduce Hib meningitis by 95% and pneumoniae by 20%. The routine use of Hib vaccine is facilitated by the introduction of combination vaccines into the EPI (Expanded Plan of Immunization). The objective of this study was to compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of an extemporaneously mi...

Continued Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) carriage in rural Alaska contributes to the ongoing risk of invasive disease. Community-wide Hib carriage surveys were conducted in three villages in southwestern Alaska. Sixteen carriers and 32 age- and village-matched controls were enrolled and were vaccinated with Hib oligosaccharide-CRM(197) conjugate vaccine. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concen...

In order to determine the incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) meningitis in Taiwan, we analyzed the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). We identified cases that were younger than 5 years old and diagnosed with Hib meningitis from the NHIRD in both 1997 and 2000. Sixteen and 8 children with Hib meningitis were identified in the NHIRD for 1997 and 2000, respectively....

The glpTQ operon of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and nontypeable H. influenzae (NTHi) strains is highly conserved, except for a 1.4-kb glpTQ intergenic region that was found in most Hib strains. The presence of this intergenic region results in divergent glpTQ transcriptional profiles for Hib and NTHi where Hib strains appear to have evolved an alternative promoter for glpQ expression. B...

OBJECTIVE To determine the epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae invasive infections in hospitalized Guatemalan children. This is an important issue since Hib vaccine has not been incorporated into the routine immunization program in Guatemala and information from hospital records in 1995 indicated a low incidence of Hib and S. pneumoniae as causes of ...

BACKGROUND Although a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)/meningococcal capsular group C (MenC) conjugate vaccine with a tetanus toxoid carrier protein (Hib/MenC-TT) is not licensed for use in those above 2 years of age due to lack of data on safety and efficacy, certain patient groups at high risk of MenC and/or Hib disease are recommended to receive it. Laboratory workers working wit...