Originally conceived as a synthesis of key cultural variables that have been recognized by thought leaders in the field of cross-cultural management and communication, the Cultural Orientations Model (COM) has anchored the translation of theory into practice for over 20 years. Along with the Cultural Orientations Indicator® (COI) and the Cultural Navigator®, the synthesis has evolved and become...

Various researchers (i.e., Singelis, Triandis, Bhawuk, & Gelfand,1995; Triandis & Gelfand, 1998) have suggested that the cultural variables of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism correspond to Fiske’s (1991, 1992) relational models of collectivism, authority ranking, equality matching, and market pricing. In this study, we tested this claim in a cross-cultural comparison betw...