In this paper the boundary collocation method has been used successfully to analyse the interfacial cracks emanating from a hole in a bi-material plate. The stress functions are assumed such that they can satisfy a series of governing conditions, such as the equilibrium equations in the domain, the boundary conditions on the crack surfaces, and the stress and displacement conditions on the crac...

Denda and Marante [1] have developed the boundary element method for the mixed mode fracture analysis of multiple curvilinear cracks in the general anisotropic solids in two dimensions for which in-plane Mode I, II, and out-of-plane Mode III, of fracture are coupled. They have developed the crack tip singular element (CTSE) to model any curvilinear cracks, including center and edge cracks. The ...

Pavement cracks are important information for evaluating the road condition and conducting the necessary road maintenance. In this paper, we develop CrackTree, a fully-automatic method to detect cracks from pavement images. In practice, crack detection is a very challenging problem because of (1) low contrast between cracks and the surrounding pavement, (2) intensity inhomogeneity along the cra...

Detection and localization of fatigue cracks is an important application for inspection and monitoring of civil, mechanical and aerospace structures, but assessment of such damage via ultrasonic guided waves can be problematic when cracks are tightly closed in the absence of applied tensile loads. Proposed here are load-differential methods, which compare signals at one load to those at another...

The overall objective of the DARPA Structural Integrity Prognosis System (SIPS) program is to develop technologies to advance material damage state condition assessment with limited or no dedicated maintenance action. As a part of the sensors thrust area, an in situ ultrasonic sensing method was developed and demonstrated to detect cracks initiating from fastener holes and provide an estimate o...

Detection of fatigue cracks originating from fastener holes is an important application for structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil, mechanical and aerospace structures, but their detection via ultrasonic guided waves can be problematic when cracks are tightly closed in the absence of applied tensile loads. Proposed here are load-differential guided wave methods, which compare signals at on...

Lateral surface etching of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets results in holey 2D nanosheets that have abundant edge atoms. Recent reports on holey graphene showed that holey 2D nanosheets can outperform their intact counterparts in many potential applications such as energy storage, catalysis, sensing, transistors, and molecular transport/separation. From both fundamental and application perspect...

We examine the fracture mechanics of tearing graphene. We present a molecular dynamics simulation of the propagation of cracks in clamped, free-standing graphene as a function of the out-of-plane force. The geometry is motivated by experimental configurations that expose graphene sheets to out-of-plane forces, such as back-gate voltage. We establish the geometry and basic energetics of failure ...

We show that a convex body can pass through a triangular hole iff it can do so by a translation along a line perpendicular to the hole. As an application, we determine the minimum size of an equilateral triangular hole through which a regular tetrahedron with unit edge can pass. The minimum edge length of the hole is (1+ √ 2)/ √ 6 ≈ 0.9856. One of the key facts for the proof is that no triangul...

A new approach was developed for the evaluation of energy release rate by the virtual crack closure technique in quadratic and linear elements. The generalized method allows arbitrary placement of the side nodes for quadratic elements and thus includes both standard elements, with mid-side nodes, and singularity elements, with quarter-point nodes, as special cases of one general equation. It al...