Signalling chemicals play an essential role in arthropod life cycles. They provide the means whereby mates, host and oviposition sites are located and recognized. The identification of such semiochemicals (sex pheromones, host location and habitat-related cues) in mosquitoes, midges and sealice of farmed salmon is revealing ways in which such devastating pests may be monitored and controlled by...

Abstract Plant resistance to pests and diseases help avoid, tolerate or recover from an injury that would cause greater damage plants of the same species under similar environmental conditions. In coconut, resistant traits are generally acquired against in conventional breeding programs indirectly through application nutrients. The paper provides a list existing tolerant coconut varieties repor...

Secondary metabolites are among the major contributors of host-plant resistance. Cowpea produces secondary that known to enhance resistance insect pests including flower bud thrips. However, environmental conditions tend affect production metabolites, thereby affecting response host plants pest. The objective this study was determine effect genotype × environment interaction on and thrips in co...

Acaricide is a pesticide designed to control harmful species of mites (Acari)1. In crop protection practices, acaricides are used against phytophagous mites, pests causing economic injuries to agricultural crops and ornamental plants. Until mid-twentieth century, in agroecosystems of low-level productivity, phytophagous mite populations usually stayed below economic injury levels, due to natura...

Insecticide resistance is an increasing problem faced by those who need insecticides to efficiently control medical, veterinary and agricultural insect pests. In many insects, the problem extends to all major groups of insecticides. Since the first case of DDT resistance in 1947, the incidence of resistance has increased annually at an alarming rate. It has been estimated that there are at leas...

The Western corn rootworm (WCR) and the European corn borer (ECB) are serious pests of maize in the U.S. Secondary infections with Fusarium verticillioides, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans occur after ECB larvae feeding, causing ear rots and contamination with fumonisin, a mycotoxin associated with severe animal and human health disorders. The tolerance of maize germplasm adapted to the Mi...