BACKGROUND The heat shock response (HSR) is an ancient and highly conserved program of stress-induced gene expression, aimed at reestablishing protein homeostasis to preserve cellular fitness. Cells that fail to activate or maintain this protective response are hypersensitive to proteotoxic stress. The HSR is mediated by the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), which binds to conserved hea...

A series of phosphinegold(I) thionucleobase analogues, [R(3)PAu(SR(x))] (R = Et, Ph or chexyl; HSR(1) = 2-mercaptobenzoic acid, HSR(2) = 2-thiouracil, HSR(3) = 6-mercaptopurine and HSR(4) = 6-thioguanine) have been examined for their in vitro cytotoxicity in L1210 murine leukemia cells in culture. The range of ID(50) values (continuous 48 h exposure) for the complexes is 0.041 - 0.131 muM. The ...

In yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes ER stress and activates the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is mediated by Hac1p. The heat shock response (HSR) mediated by Hsf1p, mainly regulates cytosolic processes and protects the cell from stresses. Here, we find that a constitutive activation of the HSR could increase ER ...

New innovative ways to increase the capacity of motorways in the UK, without the need for substantial landtake and construction, are currently being developed by the Highways Agency (HA). One of these methods is Hard Shoulder Running (HSR), piloted on the M42 from late 2006. Based on interviews and content analysis of media reports, conducted before the piloting of the M42 scheme, this paper ou...

With the fast development of high-speed railway (HSR), the demand for mobile communication on high-speed trains is increasingly growing. This leads to significant attention on the study of resource management in HSR wireless communications with limited bandwidth. Resource management is a challenging problem due to heterogenous quality of service (QoS) requirements and dynamic characteristics of...

High-availability seamless redundancy (HSR) is a protocol for Ethernet networks that provides duplicated frames with zero recovery time in the event of any network component’s failure. It is suited for applications that demand high availability and a very short time-outs such as substation automation systems (SAS). However, HSR generates excessive unnecessary unicast frames and spreads them thr...

The ability to appropriately respond to proteotoxic stimuli is a major determinant of longevity and involves induction of various heat shock response (HSR) genes, which are essential to cope with cellular and organismal insults throughout lifespan. The activity of NAD+-dependent deacetylase Sir2, originally discovered in yeast, is known to be essential for effective HSR and longevity. Our previ...

Stimulation of the mouse mammary tumor virus with steroids results in the generation of a DNase I-hypersensitive region (HSR) spanning the hormone responsive element (HRE) in the long terminal repeat. Restriction enzymes were used to characterize the accessibility of various sites within the HSR of mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat-reporter constructions in four different cell line...

The high-availability seamless redundancy (HSR) protocol, a potential candidate for substation automation system (SAS) networks, provides duplicated frame copies of each sent frame, with zero fault-recovery time. This means that even in the case of node or link failure, the destination node will receive at least one copy of the sent frame. Consequently, there is no network operation down time. ...

Oxaliplatin, a third generation novel platinum compound is the most effective first line chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer (CRC) in combination with 5FU and leucovorin. It is indicated for pancreatic, gastric and testicular cancers combined with bevacuzimab, capecitabine, irinotecan and other cytotoxic agents. However, moderate to severe hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) during or aft...