Purpose. This study assessed the sustainable food procurement of members of the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums (BIAZA). It also considered the inconsistencies between their animal and human food supply chains, as well as between between their procurement priorities and practices. Design. A quantitative, cross-sectional approach was employed, involving the use of a web-based...

In the wider debate on urban resilience and metabolism, food-related aspects have gained increasing importance. At the same time, urban agro-food systems in city regions are facing major challenges with regard to often limited domestic supplies, resource-intensive producer–consumer relationships, and the competition for low-price products via global food chains. In this sense, novel methods for...

As one of the most successful fast food chain in the world, throughout the development of McDonald’s, we could easily identify many successful business strategy implementations. In this paper, I will discuss some critical business strategies, which linked to the company’s structure and external environment. This paper is organized as follows: In the first section, I will give brief introduction...

The economic and social impact of food allergy affects many sectors of society.There are associated costs to individuals,their carers and their households,potentially over a lifetime. In the health sector resourses are required for diagnosis,support and education.The entire food chain is affected through extra costs,food regulations and moral obligations.Also the employment sector is affected i...

Traceability is a modern concept that allows following a product’s route from raw materials to the selling stage, taking into consideration its complete flow by means of identifying and tracking procedures and documents. Recently, food traceability has gained significant importance as it allows efficient identification, correction or removal of risk factors throughout the food chain in order to...

We use data on all the new restaurants opened in Texas between 1980 and 1995 by seven of the largest nationally franchised fast-food chains to examine empirically the extent of multi-unit ownership in franchised chains and the way in which franchisors allocate the ownership of units among franchisees. We find that individual franchisees are much more likely to be assigned the ownership of a par...

M~crobial processes are now perceived to be an important component of the marlne food chaln Mathematical models present a quantltatlve means of analys~ng lnterspecles lnteract~ons within food webs Although detalled models of i n d ~ v ~ d u a l components of the m~crobial food web (bacteria, phytoplankton, protozoan predators) have been denved, t hen incorporation into large-scale food web mode...

Background: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is regarded as a great public health concern all around the world causing diarrhoea which can be transmitted through food chain. Aims: This study aimed to determine the contamination level and exact distribution rate of DEC in food products consumed by human. Methods: Seven hundred and t...

background cervical cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in under-developed countries. human papilloma virus (hpv) 16 and 18 are the most prevalent types associated with carcinogenesis in the cervix. conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr), type-specific and consensus primer-based pcr followed by sequencing, restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) or hybridization by sp...