ALGIPORE® STIMULATES OSTEBLAST DIFFERENTIATION IN ADIPOSE DERIVED STEM CELLS Brunelli G, Carinci F, Girardi A, Palmieri A, Caccianiga AGL, Gigante A, Sollazzo V. Advances in bone grafting are progressing with the evolution of biomaterials that permit the in corporation of osteoinductive and osteogenic proteins into osteoconductive composite scaffolds. Algipore®, a hydroxyapatite ceramic obtaine...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Osteoblasts are classically considered to play an important role during bone tissue development, and to be involved in the formation of mineralized bone matrix. Recent reports have suggested that they can also exert some activities directly associated with the immune system (cytokine synthesis and antigen presentation). Moreover, some authors have found antigens on osteoblast-li...

Osteogenesis is a complex process characterized sequentially by the commitment of precursor cells, the proliferation of osteoprogenitor cells, the differentiation of pre-osteoblasts into mature osteoblasts and the apposition of a calcified bone matrix. Recent advances in cell and molecular biology have improved our knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling the different ste...

Although there is clinical evidence showing that combined therapy with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and estrogen is additively effective in increasing the bone mass of patients with osteoporosis, the mechanism of the interaction between these hormones remains unclear. The present study was performed to determine whether estrogen would affect osteoblast proliferation and function modulated by PTH i...

Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein present in epithelial secretions, such as milk, and in the secondary granules of neutrophils. We found it to be present in fractions of milk protein that stimulated osteoblast growth, so we assessed its effects on bone cell function. Lactoferrin produced large, dose-related increases in thymidine incorporation in primary or cell line cultures of human...

We have previously shown the expression of the extracellular calcium (Ca2+o)-sensing receptor (CaR) in osteoblast-like cell lines, and others have documented its expression in sections of murine, bovine, and rat bone. The existence of the CaR in osteoblasts remains controversial, however, since some studies have failed to document its expression in the same osteoblast-like cell lines. The goals...

Patients with bone cancer metastasis suffer from unbearable pain and bone fractures due to bone remodeling. This is caused by tumor cells that disturb the bone microenvironment. Here, we have investigated the role of tumor-secreted sugar-binding protein, i.e., galectin-3, on osteoblast differentiation and report that it downregulates the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers, e.g., R...

Dexamethasone (Dex) has been shown to induce osteoblast differentiation in several cell culture systems. This study investigated the effect of continuous and discontinuous treatment with Dex on osteoblast differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). Primary culture and first passage were cultured in media with or without Dex 10(-7) M. During the culture period, cells were incubate...

Zirconium (Zr) is an element commonly used in dental and orthopedic implants either as zirconia (ZrO2) or in metal alloys. It can also be incorporated into calcium silicate-based ceramics. However, the effects of in vitro culture of human osteoblasts (HOBs) with soluble ionic forms of Zr have not been determined. In this study, primary culture of human osteoblasts was conducted in the presence ...

Osteoblast impairment occurs within multiple myeloma cell infiltration into the bone marrow. Canonical Wnt signaling activation in osteoprogenitor cells is involved in osteoblast formation through the stabilization of dephosphorylated beta-catenin and its nuclear translocation. The effects of multiple myeloma cells on Wnt signaling in human mesenchymal/osteoprogenitor cells are unclear. In 60 m...