background: most managers and employees' manner and actions are influenced by the ethical values and they are rooted in ethics. in the current situation, violating some ethical criteria has currently brought anxiety among the governmental and non- governmental sectors. then, the efficient managers are worried mostly about how to provide appropriate opportunities for the human being to observe t...

Instruction cache performance is widely recognized as a critical component of the overall performance of a program; especially so in the case of large applications like database servers. In this report, we present a technique for (1) identifying repeated blocks of instructions in a program executable, and (2) converting these repeated code blocks into lightweight procedures (i.e. LWprocs). The ...

Efficient memory resource management requires knowledge of the memory demands of applications or systems at runtime. A widely proposed approach is to construct an LRU-based miss ratio curve (MRC), which provides not only the current working set size (WSS) but also the relationship between performance and target memory allocation size. Unfortunately, the cost of LRUMRC monitoring is nontrivial. ...

Multiword expressions (MWEs) are quite frequent in languages such as English, but their diversity, the scarcity of individual MWE types, and contextual ambiguity have presented obstacles to corpus-based studies and NLP systems addressing them as a class. Here we advocate for a comprehensive annotation approach: proceeding sentence by sentence, our annotators manually group tokens into MWEs acco...

Cloud technology in a multi-enterprise, collaborative context is one of the most promising topics at IT-Supply Chain (SC) intersection. Cloud comes with well-proven advantages and cost savings; enabling collaboration and business intelligence. Cloud transition is still on-going with individual enterprise-level transitions. However, collaborative paradigm dictates that entire network well-being ...

this study examined the relationship of the personality factors (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) with each of the three workaholism components i.e. working compulsively, working excessively and combined workaholics. as the study is of exploratory in nature, a sample of 145 academicians was drawn from the two universities of jammu region (india), namely...

International collaboration in science continues to grow at a remarkable rate, but little agreement exists about dynamics of growth and organization at the discipline level. Some suggest that disciplines differ in their collaborative tendencies, reflecting their epistemic culture. This study examines collaborative patterns in six previously studied specialties to add new data and conduct analys...

We propose a simple unsupervised approach to detecting non-compositional components in multiword expressions based on Wiktionary. The approach makes use of the definitions, synonyms and translations in Wiktionary, and is applicable to any type of MWE in any language, assuming the MWE is contained in Wiktionary. Our experiments show that the proposed approach achieves higher F-score than state-o...

This work looks at a temporal aspect of multiword expressions (MWEs), namely that the behaviour of a given n-gram and its status as a MWE change over time. We propose a model in which context words have particular probabilities given a usage choice for an n-gram, and those usage choices have time dependent probabilities, and we put forward an expectationmaximisation technique for estimating the...

The Politicians’ Wage Gap: Insights from German Members of Parliament Using a unique dataset of German members of parliament with information on total earnings including outside income, this paper analyzes the politicians’ wage gap (PWG). After controlling for observable characteristics as well as accounting for selection into politics, we find a positive PWG which is statistically and economic...