Steep genetic clines resulting from recent secondary contact between previously isolated taxa can either gradually erode over time or be stabilized by factors such as ecological selection or selection against hybrids. We used patterns of variation in 30 nuclear and two mitochondrial SNPs to examine the factors that could be involved in stabilizing clines across a hybrid zone between two subspec...

Maintenance of genetic distinction in the face of gene flow is an important aspect of the speciation process. Here, we provide a detailed spatial and genetic characterization of a hybrid zone between two subspecies of the European rabbit. We examined patterns of allele frequency change for 22 markers located on the autosomes, X-chromosome, Y-chromosome and mtDNA in 1078 individuals sampled acro...

Much recent attention has been devoted to gradient descent algorithms where the steepest descent step size is replaced by a similar one from a previous iteration or gets updated only once every second step, thus forming a faster gradient descent method. For unconstrained convex quadratic optimization these methods can converge much faster than steepest descent. But the context of interest here ...

Steepest edge criteria have often been shown to work well in Simplex or Active Set methods for Linear Programming (LP). It is therefore important that any technique for resolving degeneracy in LP should conveniently be able to use steepest edge criteria in the selection of the search direction. A recursive technique for resolving degeneracy 5] is of some interest in that it provides a guarantee...

An explicit hierarchical fixed point algorithm is introduced to solve the monotone variational inequality over the fixed point set of a nonexpansive mapping. This paper discusses a monotone variational inequality with variational constraint and convex optimization problems over the fixed point set of a nonexpansive mapping. The strong convergence for the proposed algorithm to the solution is gu...

In this paper, we propose a projection based design of near perfect reconstruction QMF banks. An advantage of this method is that additional design specifications are easily implemented by defining new convex sets. To apply convex projection technique, the main difficulty is how to approximate the design specifications by some closed convex sets. In this paper, introducing a notion of Magnitude...