Henry S. Santeford;"~ln'd GeorgeR . Alger Department of Civil Engineering, Michigan Technological University Houghton, MI 49931 U.S.A. INTRODUCTION The formation and occurrence of an ice cover on an open channel may cause a very dynamic alteration in the flow characteristics. At times, the alterations will represent some of the largest natural changes that will occur on a giVen stream. Yet, Dn ...

We investigated small-scale hydraulic power actuation systems using a system level analysis, where smallscale refers to systems generating 10 to 100 Watts output power, to determine whether the high power density advantage of hydraulics holds at small sizes. Hydraulic actuator system power density was analyzed with simple physics models and compared to an equivalent electromechanical system com...

Author(s): Emmanuel Mignot, Nicolas Rivière, Richard J. Perkins, André Paquier, Gilbert Travin. 1 Formerly Ph.D. Student, Hydrology—Hydraulics Research Unit, Cemagref, 3 bis, quai Chauveau, CP 220, 69336 Lyon Cedex 09, France. 2 Professor, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d’Acoustique, Univ. de Lyon, CNRSECL-INSAL-UCBL1, INSA de Lyon, 20 av. A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne, France. 3 Pro...

In order to increase the flexibility and performance of hydraulically actuated machines there is a demand for more intelligent controllers. This leads to a rapid increase in complexity of the control systems. To manage the complexity and to ensure reliability of these systems, adequate software development methods are needed. In this work, we propose a methodology for structured design of digit...

The term “hydraulics” is concerned with the conveyance of water that can consist very simple processes to complex physical processes, such as flow in open rivers, pipes, nutrients/sediments, groundwater sea waves. study hydraulics primarily a mixture theory and experiments. Computational helpful quantify predict nature behavior. mathematical model backbone computational consists equations linea...

Different construction materials with different roughness used to make circular weirs highly affect surface roughness and, in turn, flow hydraulics passing over these structures.  In the present research, numerous experiments under different hydraulic conditions were performed on a physical model to study the effects of roughness on flow hydraulics over a circular weir. The flow hydraulics incl...

Scaling is an integral component of ecology and earth science. To date, the ability to determine the importance of air – water gas exchange across large spatial scales is hampered partly by our ability to scale the gas transfer velocity and stream hydraulics. Here we report on a metadata analysis of 563 direct gas tracer release experiments that examines scaling laws for the gas transfer veloci...

nowadays distillation is recognized as one of the economical and the most trustable separation methods in chemical, petroleum, gas and petrochemical industries. it is almost used as a first and the most applicable choice in separation methods. in this article the effect of inlet downcomer on the hydrodynamics of industrial sieve tray has been elaborated. the study was carried out by using a 3-d...

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) method for sizing small detention and retention basins is a volume-based approach that is sensitive to the release rate. In practice, such a release rate is often approximated by open channel hydraulics or culvert hydraulics. Without a consistent guideline, this practice of approximation can result in significant discrepancy or violation of the volume b...