Is the pattern of childhood mortality due to diarrhea related to hydrography? To answer this kind of question we describe a method to examine associations between peak time of mortality from diarrhea in children less than 5 years for the period 1979-89 and relative location along the hydrologic regime of 8 major hydrographic regions in Brazil. In order to better understand the underlying hetero...

This study investigates the hydrographic processes involved in setting the maximumwintertime sea ice (SI) extent in the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay. The analysis is based on an ocean and sea ice state estimate covering the summer-to-summer 1996/97 annual cycle. The estimate is a synthesis of in situ and satellite hydrographic and ice data with a regional coupled 1/38 ocean–sea ice model. SI adv...

[1] A model of the salt balance in the Chesapeake Bay is discussed, which takes into account only time-dependent riverine input and mean ocean-bay exchange. Estimates of (spatial) mean bay salinity are made using two different data sources: a 16 year record of surveys taken by the Environmental Protection Agency’s Chesapeake Bay Program, and a 10 year record of hydrographic sections taken in th...

DIssolVeD oRgaNIc MatteR IN the oceaN a coNtRoVeRsy stIMulates New INsIghts abstR act. Containing as much carbon as the atmosphere, marine dissolved organic matter is one of Earth's major carbon reservoirs. With invigoration of scientific inquiries into the global carbon cycle, our ignorance of its role in ocean biogeochemistry became untenable. Rapid mobilization of relevant research two decad...

Bottom-water hypoxia (≤2 mg l–1 dissolved oxygen [DO]) greatly modifies the benthic habitat of estuaries, depending upon spatial extent, duration, and frequency. Bottom-water hypoxia often develops under conditions of density stratification, which inhibits vertical mixing, and warm temperatures, which enhance biological oxygen demand. Long-term, mid-channel data from the Neuse River Estuary in ...

For the process of hydrographic surveying, skipper survey vessel needs a variety real-time navigational and information to navigate safely precisely. The data is typically displayed on several monitors board. As part research project, we are exploring potential augmented reality – technology that can extend by overlaying it with computergenerated visualizations assist in surveys. We report an o...