Hydrostatic pressure is an important, ubiquitous, environmental variable of particular relevance in the marine environment. However, it is widely overlooked despite recent evidence that some marine ectotherms may be demonstrating climate-driven bathymetric range shifts. Wide-ranging effects of increased hydrostatic pressure have been observed from the molecular through to the behavioural level....

BASED ON THE FIELD EQUATION for the number density of voids and the expression for the expansion of a spherical void in a perfectly plastic infinite body subjected to a uniform hydrostatic tensile stress, an expression for the rate of dilatation of voids is derived. Damage is defined as the volume density of voids. The flow stress of the material is assumed to decrease affinely with an increase...

Star formation in relic HII regions of the first stars is investigated using magneto-hydrodynamical simulations with a nested grid method that covers ∼ 10 orders of magnitude in spatial scale and ∼ 20 orders of magnitude in density contrast. Due to larger fraction of H2 and HD molecules, its prestellar thermal evolution is considerably different from that in the first star formation. Reflecting...

PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate and compare the residual ridge resorption (RRR) induced by an implant-retained overdenture (IRO) and associative biomechanics and by a conventional complete denture (CD) without implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cone beam computed tomography was used to quantify RRR in a three-dimensional (3D) manner before and after 1 year of treatment with either IROs o...

BACKGROUND Loads acting on scoliotic spines are thought to be asymmetric and involved in progression of the scoliotic deformity; abnormal loading patterns lead to changes in bone and disc cell activity and hence to vertebral body and disc wedging. At present however there are no direct measurements of intradiscal stresses or pressures in scoliotic spines. The aim of this study was to obtain qua...

This work is devoted to the analysis of elasto-plasticity models arising in soil mechanics. Contrary to the typical models mainly used for metals, it is required here to take into account plastic dilatancy due to the sensitivity of granular materials to hydrostatic pressure. The yield criterion thus depends on the mean stress and the elasticity domain is unbounded and not invariant in the direc...

Dynamic transformation from alpha (HCP) to beta (BCC) phase in a zirconium alloy was revealed by the use of in-situ neutron diffraction during hot compression. The dynamic unexpectedly detected isothermal compression at temperatures 900°C and 950°C (alpha + two-phase region) strain rates 0.01 s−1 0.001 s−1, even though equilibrium states were achieved prior accompanied diffusion Sn phase, which...

Experiments have shown that when a horizontal cylinder rotates around the vertical axis in a granular medium, the drag force in the stationary regime becomes independent of the depth, in contradiction with the frictional picture stipulating that the drag should be proportional to the hydrostatic pressure. The goal of this study is to understand the origin of this depth independence of the granu...

the present paper studies the possibility of propagation of torsional surface waves in an inhomogeneous anisotropic layer lying between two heterogeneous half-spaces (upper and lower half-space). both the half-spaces are assumed to be under compressive initial stress. the study reveals that under the assumed conditions, a torsional surface wave propagates in the medium. the dispersion relation ...