We describe an approach to detecting, locating and normalizing road signs. The approach will apply provided: (i) the signs have stereotypical boundary shapes (i.e. rectangular, or hexagonal – of course, we allow for these shapes to be distorted by projection to unknown viewpoint), (ii) the writing on the sign has one uniform color and the rest of the sign has a second uniform color (we allow fo...

Background & Aims: Ulcerative colitis is one of the inflammatory bowel diseases with unknown etiology. Genetic and environmental factors are thought to be effective in this disease. According to the limited studies in our country, general assessment of demographic features and clinical symptoms seems to be essential. Methods: In this prospective and cross-sectional study, 85 cases of ulcerat...

ed sign out of two iconically derived signs. This is furthered by Japanese kokuji, invented to represent Japanese words using compound Chinese characters. Other SS combinations are 働 meaning EFFORT, made from PERSON, 人 , and MOVE, 動, and the visually iconic 峠 meaning MOUNTAIN PASS, made by combining mountain, 山, with UP, 上, and DOWN, 下, which create a visual “pass” between them (all examples fr...

We investigated the effects of antiforeigner political advertisements on implicit and explicit stereotypes. While stereotypical associations may become automatically activated (implicit stereotypes), individuals can reject these thoughts and decide not to use them for an overtly expressed judgment (explicit stereotypes). We hypothesized that even if citizens negated stereotypical content, adver...

Although there is a substantive body of research about the language used by individuals with aphasia, relatively little is known about their spontaneous iconic gesture. A single case study of LT, an individual with conduction aphasia indicated qualitative differences between the spontaneous iconic gestures produced alongside fluent speech and in tip of the tongue states. The current study exami...

Previous studies have shown that iconic gestures presented in an isolated manner prime visually presented semantically related words. Since gestures and speech are almost always produced together, this study examined whether iconic gestures accompanying speech would prime words and compared the priming effect of iconic gestures with speech to that of iconic gestures presented alone. Adult parti...

Iconic gestures are hand movements that represent shapes, objects and functions of a referent. When gesture is restricted, imagery decreases and speech dysfluencies (which are most pronounced when communicating spatial information) increase. Since gesture restriction adversely affects both imagery and the communication of spatial information, many theorists have argued that visuospatial working...