The type IV pilus retraction motor is found in many important bacterial pathogens. It is the strongest known linear motor protein and is required for bacterial infectivity. We characterize the dynamics of type IV pilus retraction in terms of a stochastic chemical reaction model. We find that a two state model can describe the experimental force velocity relation and qualitative dependence of AT...

We introduce the notion of non-lc ideal sheaves. It is an analogue of the notion of multiplier ideal sheaves. We establish the restriction theorem, which seems to be the most important property of non-lc ideal sheaves.

We introduce the notion of non-lc ideal sheaves. It is an analogue of the notion of multiplier ideal sheaves. We establish the restriction theorem, which seems to be the most important property of non-lc ideal sheaves.

The article describes the experience of editorial board scientific publications at Penza State University in retracting duplicate publications. It provides a practical example illustrating problems that arise each stage retraction process. shows significant part these lies legal field and requires founders publishers to be aware norms current legislation not only intellectual property, but also...

All rings are commutative with identity and all modules are unital. Let R be a ring, M an R-module and R(M), the idealization of M . Homogeneuous ideals of R(M) have the form I(+)N where I is an ideal of R, N a submodule of M such that IM ⊆ N . In particular, [N : M ] (+)N is a homogeneous ideal of R(M). The purpose of this paper is to investigate how properties of the ideal [N : M ](+)N are re...

in this paper we give a characterization for all semigroups whose square is a group. moreover, we axiomatize such semigroups and study some relations between the class of these semigroups and grouplikes,introduced by the author. also, we observe that this paper characterizes and axiomatizes a class of homogroups (semigroups containing an ideal subgroup).  finally, several equivalent conditions ...

Commutative H∗-algebra is characterized in terms of the property that the orthogonal complement of a right ideal is a left ideal.

1. Electrical or mechanical stimulation of Goniopora lobata produces coordinated retraction of polyps in the colony. With repetitive stimulation, the response spreads in linear, radial increments which become successively smaller with each stimulus. 2. Electrical activity recorded from these colonies is interpreted as originating in a conduction system responsible for effecting the colonial ret...