According to Stuart Hall’s theory of encoding and decoding, an audience member, based on their individual ideological perspectives, can read media texts in one of three ways: dominant, negotiated, or resistant. Hall’s theory, however, also implies that the producer will always encode a dominant or hegemonic message. Given semantically messy texts like music videos, however, producers now have t...

Despite the putative importance of ideological commitments in the evolution of large-scale cooperation among unrelated individuals, evolutionary researchers have yet to examine empirically the relationship between ideology and cooperation. We conduct an experimental game on Israeli kibbutz members to evaluate whether: (1) differences in ideological commitment can explain variation in cooperatio...

this essay is a studying the structure of the social mentality of the iranian society in establishment situation of political islam discourse. after the event of the islamic revolution in iran, political islam as the central ideology of the new political system gained a dominant and almost incontestable position. political disputes constituted in the following years led to the genesis of partic...

Iranian traditional architecture is one of the world's architectures par excellence. It was one of the most important architectures in the medieval Islamic world. Iranian architecture has developed over millennia in response to its religion. Many traditional and vernacular buildings in Iran show that the architects had been so clever in harmonizing the Iranian religion and architecture in the p...

praying is a socio-religious action, either from “religious sociology” (religious looking on society) or” sociology of religion” (sociological looking on religion).this social and spiritual action has few features: it is an effective action, for its positive implication on prayer’s everyday life; it is a continued action, for it is current in all dimensions of prayer’s activities; and finally, ...

It is shown that the problem of source and essence morality most satisfactorily solved on basis metaphysics Platonism. Its concrete implementation in form a fundamental physical theory relational paradigm theoretical physics. A number consequences have been developed from interpretation as transcendent connection person with First Cause being for religious philosophy social ideology.

Many scholars and historians of Chinese medicine and science, in China as well as in the West, have claimed that the ancient Chinese, in particular the unknown authors of the medical classic Huangdi Neijing , anticipated William Harvey’s monumental discovery of the circulation of the blood ( xueye xunhuan) by more than two thousand years. This view has been widely accepted in both China and the...