BACKGROUND IL-33 is a recently characterized IL-1 family cytokine and found to be expressed in inflammatory diseases, including severe asthma and inflammatory bowl disease. Recombinant IL-33 has been shown to enhance Th2-associated immune responses and potently increase mast cell proliferation and cytokine production. While IL-33 is constitutively expressed in endothelial and epithelial cells, ...

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) in lungs produce interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 in response to IL-33 and may contribute to the development of allergic diseases such as asthma. However, little is known about negative regulators and effective inhibitors controlling ILC2 function. Here, we show that soluble ST2, a member of the IL-1 receptor family, suppresses the effect of IL-33 on lung ILC2 in...

We read with interest the work of Taracanova et al. (1) on the synergic effect of substance P (SP) and IL33 over TNF-α production. Notably, IL-33 potentiates SP-induced TNF-α production by more than 100-fold in mast cells. Both IL-33 and SP increase the expression of each other receptor, and more interestingly, ST2 coimmunoprecipitates with neurokinin-1 (NK-1, SP receptor), demonstrating a form...

Histamine is a critical mediator if itch in urticaria, however, many patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) spite of treatment antihistamines. Further, it widely known that the CSU, over time can lose clinical responses to antihistamines as well. We hypothesized limitation these therapies partially due other immune mediators amplifying histaminergic pathway. focused specifically on I...

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 family and has dual functions as nuclear factor well cytokine. The pivotal role IL-33 an active player contributing to aberrant local systemic damage been highlighted in several inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) disease characterized by dry eyes mouth due dysfunctions exocrine glands, but also accompanied with manif...

BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-33 promotes T helper (Th)2 immunity and systemic inflammation. The role of IL-33 in asthma has been widely investigated. IL-33 has also been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study investigated the clinical significance and usefulness of plasma IL-33 level in patients with COPD. METHODS A t...

BACKGROUND IL-33 through its receptor ST2 protects the heart from myocardial infarct and hypertrophy in animal models but, paradoxically, increases autoimmune disease. In this study, we examined the effect of IL-33 or ST2 administration on autoimmune heart disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We used pressure-volume relationships and isoproterenol challenge to assess the effect of recombinant (r) IL-...

Interleukin-33 (IL-33)/IL-33 receptor (IL-33R, ST2) signaling pathway promotes mammary cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting anti-tumor immunity. However, the role of IL-33/IL-33R axis in neoangiogenesis and tumor necrosis is not elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL-33/IL-33R axis in mammary tumor necrosis. Deletion of IL-33R (ST2) gene in BALB/c m...