Computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality used to calculate the deposit of dose in radiotherapy planning, where the physical interactions are modelled based upon the electron density, which can be calculated from CT images. Traditionally this is a three step process: linearising the raw x-ray measurements and correcting for beamhardening and scatter; inverting the system with analytic or...

In radical radiotherapy treatment we aim to accurately deliver a lethal dose of radiation to tumour cells while sparing any surrounding normal tissues. Radiotherapy treatment planning is the process undertaken to determine the most appropriate way to deliver the radiation in order to meet the clinical prescription. Rapid advances in technology and computing, particularly in relation to imaging,...

Introduction: Despite growing interest in the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the external radiotherapy design process (RT), Computer Tomography (CT) remains a gold standard and is regarded as a basic imaging modality in radiotherapy. MRI shows the high contrast in soft tissues without any radiation exposure to patients. As a result, MRI is used in functional tissue ...

The increasing interest in combined positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) to guide lung cancer radiation therapy planning has been well documented. Motion management strategies during treatment simulation PET/CT imaging and treatment delivery have been proposed to improve the precision and accuracy of radiotherapy. In light of these research advances, why has translati...

Significant correlations between the response to induction chemotherapy and success of subsequent radiotherapy have been reported and suggest that the response to induction chemotherapy is able to predict a response to radiotherapy. Therefore, induction chemotherapy may be used to tailor the treatment plan to the individual patient with head and neck cancer: following the planned subsequent (ch...

Introduction Determining the full extent of gliomas during radiotherapy planning can be challenging with conventional T1 and T2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose of this study was to develop a method to automatically calculate differences in the fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values in target volumes obtained with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) by comparing wit...

Introduction: Modern radiotherapy treatment planning (RTTP) requires volumetric localisation of tumour and critical structures. 3dimensional computed tomography (CT) data is the preferred imaging modality in RTTP due to: spatial accuracy; electron density information; the speed of acquisition; the ability to image the patient in the treatment position and the visualisation of bony anatomy. Howe...

Online magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy (oMRgRT) represents one of the most innovative applications current image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). The revolutionary concept oMRgRT systems is ability to acquire MR images for adaptive treatment planning and also online imaging during delivery. daily strategies allow improve targeting accuracy while avoiding critical structures. This ESTRO-A...

Highly targeted treatment planning is at the foundation of successful radiotherapy. With its superb and tunable soft-tissue contrast, MRI has in recent years emerged as an imaging modality to drive delineation accuracy of targets and organs at risk. With the introduction of the fi rst commercially available MR-only simulation package, Philips continues to pave the way for the adoption and imple...

Definitive treatment for cervical cancer most often consists of fractionated external beam radiotherapy combined with multi-fraction intracavitary brachytherapy. CT imaging in gynaecological brachytherapy treatment planning has been widely used in the past decade. With the advantages of image-based treatment planning and the commercial treatment planning software tools available, it is possible...