Leadership has always been an area of interest since time immemorial. Nevertheless, scientific theories regarding leadership started to appear only from the beginning of the 20th century. Modern theories of leadership such as strategic leadership theory emerged as early as the 1980s when outdated theories of behavioral contingency were questioned, resulting in the beginning of a shift in focus ...

in the last decade of the twentieth century, the field of international relations studies witnessed a theory based on which a model was introduced to solve complex equations in the field. the theory was introduced by joseph s. nye and expanded by the united states diplomacy. the theory is based on “the influence of the cultural attractions and values on creating power” in civilizational domain....