Toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide protozoan parasite that infects almost all warm-blooded animals. Although human toxoplasmosis mostly latent, pregnant women and immunocompromised patients need effective treatment. There are drugs of choice for treatment toxoplasmosis; however, due to their side effects and/or disease stage-specificity, prescription them limited. During recent years, nanomedicin...

background and objectives: with increasing rate of immunodeficiency diseases in the world, opportunistic micro-organism such as pneumocystis jirovecii ( p. jirovecii ) become more important. little information is available on prevalence of this life- threatening microorganism in iran. this study was designed to determine the colonization and the rate of active disease caused by p. jirovecii in ...

Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile vasculitic syndrome of early childhood. It is very rarely seen in adults. Among the adult patients with Kawasaki disease who have been described, a disproportionate number are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This suggests that the immunocompromised state may predispose individuals to this syndrome. We report our experience with 2 HIV-positi...

Bartonella henselae is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, including cat scratch disease, endocarditis and meningoencephalitis, in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. We report the first molecularly confirmed case of B. henselae infection in an AIDS patient in state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Although DNA sequence of B. henselae has been detected by polymeras...

Tongue swellings present a rare entity with a varied differential diagnosis. Acute tongue swelling is a life-threatening clinical entity as it may rapidly occlude the airway. The most common cause of tongue swelling is direct trauma or a foreign body although immunocompromised state is a predisposing risk factor. Herein we present a case report of a 45 year old patient who presented with a tong...

Peter G. Pappas, John H. Rex, Jack D. Sobel, Scott G. Filler, William E. Dismukes, Thomas J. Walsh, and John E. Edwards Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Manchester, Great Britain; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; Harbor–University of California-Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California...

INTRODUCTION Mycobacterium haemophilum, a nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) that was first described in 1978, is a pathogen that can cause an array of symptoms in immunocompromised patients, predominantly cutaneous. CLINICAL PICTURE We report our hospital's experience with the first 3 patients diagnosed with this infection from 1994 to 2002. All were women; one had systemic lupus erythematos...

A variety of pelvic, retroperitoneal or metastatic malignancies may cause ureteral obstruction either by direct invasion or external compression of the ureter. Ureteral obstruction is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in cancer patients these patients may suffer from acute or chronic pain, acute renal failure or subacute impairment of renal function, and they are at risk for infect...

Intensive chemotherapy has prolonged survival in cancer patients. Unfortunately it has also predisposed them to unusual infections because of their immunocompromised state. We report a case of fungal septicaemia caused by Geotrichum candidum, an imperfect yeast of low virulence in a young girl with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. It was successfully treated with amphotericin B. The morphological...