In backgrounds with compact dimensions there may exist several phases for black objects including the black-hole and the black-string, and the phase transition between them raises puzzles and touches fundamental issues such as topology change, uniqueness and cosmic censorship. No analytic solution is known for the black hole, and moreover, one can expect approximate solutions only for very smal...

The Mobile adhoc networks (MANETs) networks that are defined as the wireless self configuring networks that are capable of operating without the support of any fixed infrastructure and a central coordinator which makes the routing a complicated task. One of the main challenges in MANET is to design robust security solution that can protect MANET from various routing attacks. MANET is vulnerable...

An ad hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without the use of any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. In mobile ad hoc network, each mobile node acts as a host as well as a router. These nodes communicate to each other by hop-to-hop communication. A number of routing protocols like Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vecto...

Mobile ad hoc networks are networks composed of wireless devices to create a network with the ability for self-organization. These networks are designed as a new generation of computer networks to satisfy some specific requirements and with features different from wired networks. These networks have no fixed communication infrastructure and for communication with other nodes the intermediate no...

A black hole is a highly harmful stationary process residing in a node of a network and destroying all mobile agents visiting the node without leaving any trace. The Black Hole Search is the task of locating all black holes in a network by exploring it with mobile agents. We consider the problem of designing the fastest Black Hole Search, given the map of the network and the starting node. We s...

An essential task of UAV autonomy is automatic path planning. There are many evolutionary planners for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) that have been developed UAV community. In this paper a comparative study about performance of effective trajectory planners is done. Also an efficient version of black hole methodology has been introduced for single UCAV trajectory planning, and an enhancement ...

A black hole is a highly harmful stationary process residing in a node of a network and destroying all mobile agents visiting the node without leaving any trace. The Black Hole Search is the task of locating all black holes in a network, through the exploration of its nodes by a set of mobile agents. In this paper we consider the problem of designing the fastest Black Hole Search, given the map...

We observed the Galactic black hole GX 339−4 with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS) for 75 ksec during the decline of its 2002–2003 outburst. The sensitivity of this observation provides an unprecedented glimpse of a Galactic black hole at about a tenth of the luminosity of the outburst peak. The continuum spectrum is well described by a model consisting of multi...

We give an efficient method, combining number-theoretic and combinatorial ideas, to exactly compute black hole entropy in the framework of loop quantum gravity. Along the way we provide a complete characterization of the relevant sector of the spectrum of the area operator, including degeneracies, and explicitly determine the number of solutions to the projection constraint. We use a computer i...

We propose a new definition for the mass and angular momentum of neutral or electrically charged black holes in 2+1 gravity with two Killing vectors. These finite conserved quantities, associated with the SL(2, R) invariance of the reduced mechanical system, are shown to be identical to the quasilocal conserved quantities for an improved gravitational action corresponding to mixed boundary cond...