T   he completed MCI includes three main channels of interest rate, exchange rate and credit rate. In developing countries such as Iran, this indicator, which contains a credit channel, could be better used to illustrate the country’s monetary condition. This study has been done to calculate this index for the period of 1978–2012. For this purpose, the function of the total economy demand ...

This research article examines the dynamic impact of globalization, environmental quality, and financial development on renewable energy in China. Promoting is crucial for solving global problems. In China’s case, no such studies investigate role as a dependent variable development, quality. To check cointegration long-run/short-run dynamics, this study uses Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL...

Wagner’s Law states that the share of government expenditure in GNP will increase with economic development; many associated empirical studies substitute GNP with GDP. This paper presents an empirical investigation into the validity of Wagner’s Law for New Zealand over the period 19602007 and compares the results obtained using these two measures of output. Application of the autoregressive dis...

This study employs auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds approach to cointegration for long run and errorcorrection modeling (ECM) for short run analysis to examine the relationship between revenue gap and economic growth for Pakistan using annual time series data over the period 1980 to 2008. The short and long run results indicate that revenue gap is statistical significant and negati...

This paper uses an autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) to examine the dynamic impact of non-fossil energy consumption on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in China for a given level of economic growth, trade openness, and energy usage between 1965 and 2014. The results suggest that the variables are in a long-run equilibrium. ARDL estimation indicates that consumption of non-fossil energy ...

Food price inflation has been a significant subject of debate in Turkey since food prices soared 2018. The study examines the linkage between agricultural input and by using quantitative method approaches with monthly data spanning from 2015-M01 to 2020-M01. A co-integration analysis is performed autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test approach Maki structural breaks. Additionally, fu...

The human capital school of thought considers education in primary and secondary as the foundation for development that promotes economic growth. Persuaded by an empiricist paradigm this study used Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing analysis was conducted to examine short long run relationship between growth South Africa. Economic growth, data from 2002 2018 used. diagnostic t...