party autonomy and parties freedom in choosing the governing law to non-contractual liabilities, when this litigation has accompanied with international elements , is one of the innovations european law during approval the rome ii regulationwhich facilitates the simultaneous and balanced access to certainty and flexibility as two conflicting interests , and is accordance withmost recent theorie...

Why do some places have much higher diversity than others? Explaining patterns of species diversity on the earth is a problem of long-standing for ecologists. Numerous diversity patterns have been documented [1], but the mechanisms behind these patterns remain poorly understood. If we knew the mechanisms, surer decisions in conservation and management would be possible. Understanding can be sou...

applying two definitions of the union of if-events, p. grzegorzewski gave two generalizations of the inclusion-exclusion principle for if-events.in this paper we prove an inclusion-exclusion principle for if-states based on a method which can also be used to prove grzegorzewski's inclusion-exclusion principle for probabilities on if-events.finally, we give some applications of this principle by...

the contract looks like the natural law. this means the negation of the principle of the autonomy of the will and the will of legislator as a basis for the validity of contractual content would be rejected. because the foundation of creation and validity of natural law would not be the will, but natural justice and natural equity. therefore, the foundation of the validity for such a contract- s...

this paper, in its first part, analyzes the status and history of the principle of “maximization of the good” and the different meanings of “maximization” and “good.” after explaining and analyzing this principle and its different interpretations, in the first part, this paper, in its second part, categorizes rawls’s criticisms on it, step by step, by extracting and mentioning their premises. i...

We study a d−dimensional FRW universe, containing a perfect fluid with p = wρ and 1 d−1 ≤ w ≤ 1, and find a correspondence principle similar to that of Horowitz and Polchinski in the black hole case. This principle follows quite generally from thermodynamics and the conservation of energy momentum tensor, and can be stated along similar lines as in the black hole case: “When the temperature T o...