With incarceration and recidivism rates escalating and the failure of many former prisoners to reconnect with family post release, the cost to society and to children of incarcerated parents is quickly rising. While intervention on the family level is thought to have great promise in reducing recidivism, in order to effectively guide research and intervention, current theory must be evaluated f...

A growing literature documents the myriad penalties for children of incarcerated fathers, but relatively little is known about how paternal incarceration contributes to educational outcomes in early and middle childhood. In this article, we use data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study to provide the first estimates of the relationship between paternal incarceration and children’...

The VADOC calculates its official recidivism rate by looking at who has been re-incarcerated with an SR sentence within three years of their release date. This is a standard measure used by most states nationwide. VADOC only includes SR releases who were at liberty and had the opportunity to recidivate. Those excluded from the analysis include SR releases who died in custody or were transferred...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of cigarette smoking among incarcerated adult men and women is three-four times higher than in the general population, ranging from 70-80%. However, little is known about factors associated with smoking among incarcerated adolescents, especially upon their re-entry into communities after release from jail. The current study explores factors associated with smoking amon...

IMPORTANCE Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) management in correctional settings is logistically feasible, but HIV-related outcomes before release have not been recently systematically examined. OBJECTIVE To evaluate HIV treatment outcomes throughout incarceration, including jail and prison. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective cohort study of longitudinally linked demographic, ...

1 I am grateful for funding support for this project received from the Russell Sage Foundation. This study benefited from exceptional research assistance provided by Claudia Sitgraves. This was prepared for the NYU Law/Public Policy Colloquium and portions for inclusion as a Book Chapter in the edited volume, The Increasing Prison Population in the United States: What has it done for us and wha...

This paper uses a sample of U.S. offenders from Pennsylvania to estimate the effect of incarceration on post-release criminality. To do so, we capitalize on a feature of the criminal justice system in Pennsylvania—the county-level randomization of cases to judges. We begin by identifying five counties in which there is substantial variation across judges in the uses of incarceration, but no evi...

Uterine incarceration is a rare condition thought to result from incarceration of a retroverted uterus in the small pelvis. The present case report describes a case of uterine incarceration caused by extensive pelvic adhesions after appendectomy for perforated appendicitis. A 39-year-old primigravida woman was referred to our obstetric unit for follow-up after successful in vitro fertilization....

The rise in mass incarceration provides a growing impetus to understand the effect that interactions with the criminal justice system have on political participation. While a substantial body of prior research studies the political consequences of criminal disenfranchisement, less work examines why eligible ex-felons vote at very low rates. We use administrative data on voting and interactions ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing self-sealing of sclerotomy performed under gas tamponade in 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy. METHODS This study was a retrospective review of 84 patients (84 eyes) who underwent 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy under gas tamponade by a single surgeon. At the end of surgery, the sclerot...