Underpads and layers of linens are frequently placed under patients who are incontinent, have other moisture-related issues, and/or are immobile and cannot reposition independently. Many of these patients are also at risk for pressure ulcers and placed on pressure-redistribution surfaces. The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of linens and incontinence pads on interface pressure....

Asbestos is named from the Greek asbeston, meaning inextinguishable or unquenchable, and describes not a single mineral, but a number of silicates distinguished by their fibrous structure, flexibility, strength and high resistance to heat and chemicals. These properties ensured the minerals’ use from the earliest times. Archaeologists have identified asbestos as a strengthener in earthenware fr...

An assay technique, homogeneous enzyme immunoassay, is described for the quantitative determination of morphine derivatives in biological fluids. An enzyme is labeled with morphine. When the enzymelabeled morphine is bound by antimorphine antibodies, the enzyme is rendered inactive. Free morphine competes with enzyme-morphine for antibody binding sites preventing inhibition of enzyme activity. ...

In this study, the hybridization process of carbon fabrics, which used in many areas today, and flax fabrics were carried out using two production methods, hand lay-up vacuum bagging. The effects both method on mechanical performance formed flax/carbon epoxy hybrid composites investigated. Epoxy was as a matrix element production. Tensile hardness tests performed to evaluate properties analyzed...

In the same issue of Nature that radiocarbon dating results for Shroud Turin were published, Phillips hypothesized neutron radiation could have altered reported dates. addition to making appear younger than its true age, would produced significant amounts radioactive chlorine 36Cl in Shroud. Two earlier papers showed ultraviolet (uv) fluorescence intensity is non-uniform over surface...

In tackling and negotiating responsibility for anthropogenic climate change, governments and businesses are increasingly concerned with shaping ‘consumer behaviour’, understood broadly as the ways in which people acquire, appropriate and appreciate goods and services. One intervention considered successful in this respect has been that of encouraging the lowtemperature washing of laundry in the...

The history of microcrystalline arthritis only began in 1961 when Daniel McCarty and Joseph Lee Hollander demonstrated the presence of sodium monourate crystals in the synovial fluid of gouty patients. However, gout is a historical disease, thanks to the descriptions of Hippocrates, Caelius Aurelianus, Soranus of Ephesus and Araeteus of Cappadocia. The relationship between hyperuricemia and gou...

The Shroud of Turin is a 4.4 x 1.1 m linen cloth bearing the front and back body images, accompanied by blood, images, of what appears to be a crucified man. As it is alleged to be the actual burial cloth of Jesus, it is a most controversial object. Many of those not accepting this claim have asserted that it is just a painting, although it is now clear that the blood images are due to the clot...