During vessel evolution in angiosperms, scalariform perforation plates with many slit-like openings transformed into simple plates with a single circular opening. The transition is hypothesized to have resulted from selection for decreased hydraulic resistance. Previously, additional resistivity of scalariform plates was estimated to be small – generally 10% or less above lumen resistivity – ba...

An analysis of antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum variables was performed in a retrospective controlled study of 34 normally formed term infants who had perinatal asphyxia and subsequently displayed generalised seizures within 48 hours of birth. The aim was to identify any association, firstly between these variables and seizures, and secondly between these variables and subsequent morbidi...

Does APD Gradient Indicate Dispersion of Repolarization ? To the Editor: The article by Glukhov et al1 is a very important study, providing, as it does, direct measurement of action potential durations (APD) transmurally in the human heart. We commend the authors for providing the first evidence for M cells in the human heart. However, we dispute the assumption throughout the article that APD g...

We show that instantaneous increases in real NNP over time are an accurate indicator of true dynamic welfare improvements. The framework of the paper is the standard multisector optimal growth model. The result highlights a connection between the theory of green (or comprehensive) national income accounting and the theory of real price indices.

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The extension of subduction processes into the Eoarchaean era (4.0-3.6 Ga) is controversial. The oldest reported terrestrial olivine, from two dunite lenses within the ∼3,720 Ma Isua supracrustal belt in Greenland, record a shape-preferred orientation of olivine crystals defining a weak foliation and a well-defined lattice-preferred orientation (LPO). [001] parallel to the maximum finite elonga...

model predictive controller is widely used in industrial plants. uncertainty is one of the critical issues in real systems. in this paper, the direct adaptive simplified model predictive control (smpc) is proposed for unknown or time varying plants with uncertainties. by estimating the plant step response in each sample, the controller is designed and the controller coefficients are directly ca...