InGaN based MQW solar cells have been fabricated with 4 different transparent top electrode structures: (1)- ITO 200 nm, (2)-ITO nano dots only, (3)-ITO nano dots on ITO 50 nm and (4)-ITO nano dots on ITO 100 nm. The solar cell with the ITO 50 nm on ITO nano dots under AM 1.5 conditions showed the best results: 2.3 V for V(oc), 0.69 mA/cm(2) for J(sc), 41.8% for peak EQE, and 0.91% for conversi...

Transparent conductors based on few-layer graphene (FLG) intercalated with ferric chloride (FeCl(3)) have an outstandingly low sheet resistance and high optical transparency. FeCl(3)-FLGs outperform the current limit of transparent conductors such as indium tin oxide, carbon-nanotube films, and doped graphene materials. This makes FeCl(3)-FLG materials the best transparent conductor for optoele...

Cu nanowires (NWs) are attracting considerable attention as alternatives to Ag NWs for next-generation transparent conductors, replacing indium tin oxide (ITO) and micro metal grids. Cu NWs hold great promise for low-cost fabrication via a solution-processed route and show preponderant optical, electrical, and mechanical properties. In this study, we report a summary of recent advances in resea...

We propose a novel scheme for an electro-optic modulator based on plasmonically enhanced graphene. As opposed to previously reported designs where the switchable absorption of graphene itself was employed for modulation, here a graphene monolayer is used to actively tune the plasmonic resonance condition through the modification of interaction between optical field and an indium tin oxide (ITO)...

We introduce a new photoelectrode architecture consisting of concentric conducting and semiconducting nanotubes for use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Atomic layer deposition is employed to grow indium tin oxide (ITO) within a porous template and subsequently coat the high area photoelectrode with amorphous TiO 2. Compared with control devices lacking a current collector within the pore...

We demonstrated a flexible resistive random access memory device through a low-temperature atomic layer deposition process. The device is composed of an HfO2/Al2O3-based functional stack on an indium tin oxide-coated polyethylene terephthalate substrate. After the initial reset operation, the device exhibits a typical bipolar, reliable, and reproducible resistive switching behavior. After a 104...

An electrochemical method is developed to quantitatively modify and spectroscopically monitor the size and shape of Ag nanotriangles fabricated by nanosphere lithography (NSL) on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode surface. AFM and SEM results demonstrate that the preferential order of electrochemical oxidation for a nanotriangle is, surprisingly, bottom edges first, then triangular tips, then ...

The efficiencies of open-air processed Cu2O/Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O heterojunction solar cells are doubled by reducing the effect of the Schottky barrier between Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O and the indium tin oxide (ITO) top contact. By depositing Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O with a long band-tail, charge flows through the Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O/ITO Schottky barrier without rectification by hopping between the sub-bandgap states. High curren...

A new method is described for surface modification of ITO with an electroactive organic monolayer. This procedure was done to enhance hole injection in an electronic device and involves sequential formation of a monolayer of a pi-conjugated organic semiconductor on the indium tin oxide (ITO) surface followed by doping with a strong electron acceptor. The semiconductor monolayer is covalently bo...

We demonstrate a tunable-focus lens using a spherical glass shell and a homogeneous liquid crystal (LC) cell. The inner surface of the glass shell and the bottom surface of the LC cell are coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes while the LC layer is sandwiched between the spherical and flat ITO electrodes. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, a centro-symmetric gradient refractiv...