Pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) have great potential in the development of new therapies for cardiovascular disease. In particular, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may prove especially advantageous due to their pluripotency, their self-renewal potential, and their ability to create patient-specific cell lines. Unfortunately, pluripotent stem cell-derived CMs are ...

We describe a robust method to direct the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). The purpose of providing a detailed and thorough protocol is to clearly demonstrate each step and to make this readily available to researchers in the field. This protocol results in a homogenous layer of RPE with minimal or no manual dissection needed. The method pre...

The reprogramming of differentiated cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be achieved by ectopic expression of defined transcription factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc). However, to date, some iPSCs have been generated using viral vectors; thus, unexpected insertional mutagenesis in the target cells would be a potential risk. Here we report reprogramming of siPSCs (gene silen...

Whether neurons generated in vitro from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have in vivo-like properties is unknown. In this issue of Neuron, Espuny-Camacho et al. (2013) show that ESC-/iPSC-derived cortical neurons make specific projections and functional synapses when transplanted into a neonatal mouse brain.

Microglia orchestrate neuroimmune responses in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. clear up dead dying neurons through the process of efferocytosis, a specialized form phagocytosis. The phagocytosis function can be disrupted by environmental or genetic risk factors that affect microglia. This paper presents rapid simple vitro microscopy pro...

A Need for meat is rising day by and the production of poultry, cows, pigs fisheries reduced as there no good commercial production. Wider livestock becoming unavailable on a global scale in requisites welfare animals, ecological sustenance human health conditions. Choices cultured are being explored using innovative techniques like stem cells, Embryonic Stem Cells, Induced pluri potent cells [...

The production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells provides a means to create valuable tools for basic research and may also produce a source of patient-matched cells for regenerative therapies. iPSCs may be generated using multiple protocols and derived from multiple cell sources. Once generated, iPSCs are tested using a variety of assays including immunostaining for p...

The possibility to reprogram somatic human cells will greatly and deeply change genetic approach and allow the development of new tools to study genetics diseases. Indeed, our ability to study human genetic diseases suffers from the lack of valid in vitro models. The latter should (i) be originating from human primary cells, (ii) be able to self-renew for a long time and (iii) be able to differ...

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), namely, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), with their ability of indefinite self-renewal and capability to differentiate into cell types derivatives of all three germ layers, represent a powerful research tool in developmental biology, for drug screening, disease modelling, and potentially cell replacement therapy. Effic...

Background: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) constitute an attractive source of cells for regenerative medicine. Results:MicroRNA-21 mediates endothelial differentiation derived from iPSCs in presence of VEGF. Conclusion:MicroRNA-21 and TGF2 signaling pathways regulate iPSC differentiation to endothelial lineage. Significance:Elucidation of themolecularmechanisms underlyingmicroRNA-21-reg...