One aspect of the process of the induced synthesis of enzymes which is relatively amenable to experimental analysis is the role of the inducer. It has been established in a variety of cases that utilizability is not a necessary attribute of effective inducers. Thus, Spiegelman et al. (1947) demonstrated that maltose can induce maltase at pH values that preclude metabolism of the maltose by full...

The biologic activity of molecules synthesized and secreted by hapten-specific inducer T cells was examined. After activation, a single inducer clone secretes both antigen-specific inducer peptides as well as nonspecific factors. The nonspecific factors augment the in vitro response of B cells to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) and Type 2 T-independent antigens. The antigen-specific molecules (ABM) i...

Klebsiella aerogenes W70 could grow aerobically with nitrate or nitrite as the sole nitrogen source. The assimilatory nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase responsible for this ability required the presence of either nitrate or nitrite as an inducer, and both enzymes were repressed by ammonia. The repression by ammonia, which required the NTR (nitrogen regulatory) system (A. Macaluso, E. A. B...

The induction of paraffin oxidation in intact cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated. Oxidation of (14)C-heptane by cell-free extracts of adapted cells showed that the activity of whole cells is a reliable reflection of the synthesis of the first enzyme in the degradation of n-alkanes. Induction was significantly affected by glucose and could be completely repressed by malate. The ami...

Motion of an inducer in a given direction can cause illusory motion in the opposite direction in a neighboring target object, a phenomenon called induced motion. Induced motion may be due to inducer-target interactions that are local in visual space. Accordingly, increasing the depth between inducer and target should weaken induced motion. Alternatively, separation in depth may not determine wh...

potent induction of fetal hemoglobin (hbf) production results in alleviating the complications of β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease (scd). hbf inducer agents can trigger several molecular signaling pathways critical for erythropoiesis. janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (jak/stat), mitogen activated protein kinas (mapk) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (pi3k) are con...

Increases in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and pisatin synthesis were induced in excised pea pods (a) by basic polypeptides such as protamine, histone, lysozyme, cytochrome c, and ribonuclease; (b) by the polyamines spermine, spermidine, cadaverine, and putrescine, and (c) by the synthetic oligopeptides poly-l-lysine, poly-dl-ornithine, and poly-l-arginine.Poly-l-lysine (1 milligram per ...

In vivo induction of the Escherichia coli lactose operon as a function of inducer concentration generates a sigmoidal curve, indicating a non-linear response. Suggested explanations for this dependence include a 2:1 inducer-repressor stoichiometry of induction, which is the currently accepted view. It is, however, known for decades that, in vitro, operator binding as a function of inducer conce...

The sexual inducer of Volvox carteri f. nagariensis is a glycoprotein and one of the most potent biological effector molecules known. It is synthesized by sperm cells and converts asexually growing males and females to the sexual pathway. Until now, large-scale production of the inducer was made impossible by an inherent biological ;switch' mechanism, the spontaneous self-induction of asexually...