Recent data on polarized proton knockout reactions off He nuclei suggest a small but nonzero modification of proton electromagnetic form factors in medium. Using model independent relations derived on the basis of quarkhadron duality, we relate the medium modification of the form factors to the modification at large x of the deep-inelastic structure function of a bound proton. This places stron...

This paper presents an overview of the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes, starting from the linear elastic parameters, nonlinear elastic instabilities and buckling, and the inelastic relaxation, yield strength and fracture mechanisms. A summary of experimental findings is followed by more detailed discussion of theoretical and computational models for the entire range of the deformation...

Natural fault surfaces exhibit roughness at all scales, with root-mean-square height fluctuations of order 10−3 to 10−2 times the profile length. We study earthquake rupture propagation on such faults, using strongly rate-weakening fault friction and offfault plasticity. Inelastic deformation bounds stresses to reasonable values and prevents fault opening. Stress perturbations induced by slip o...

Kinematical definitions of deformations with and without microslip are presented. Transformation properties for such deformations are shown to follow directly from their definitions, and Burgers vector is related to the deformation without microslip. A limit procedure provides a concept of stress without microslip and leads to a natural concept of elastic response. Various decompositions of loc...

Recent trends in reliability and fatigue life analysis of electronic devices have involved developing structural integrity models for predicting the operating lifetime under vibratory and thermal environmental exposure. Solder joint reliability is the most critical issue for the structural integrity of surface mounted electronics. Extensive research has been done on thermal behavior of solder j...

The inelastic deformation of nacre that leads to its structural robustness has been characterized in a recent experimental study. This article develops a model for the inelastic behavior, measured in tension, along the axis of the aragonite plates. The model is based on observations for abalone nacre that the inelasticity is associated with periodic dilatation bands. These bands contain coordin...

One fundamental yet longstanding issue in materials science is how local inelasticity arises within an amorphous structure before yielding occurs. Although many possible scenarios were postulated or predicted by theories and simulations,however, direct experimental evidence has been lacking today due to the lack of a sensitive way to detect nano-scale inelasticity. Through the carefully designe...

The large strain behavior of filled rubbers is characterized by the strong Mullins effect, permanent set, and induced anisotropy. Strain controlled cyclic tests also exhibit a pronounced hysteresis as a strain rate independent phenomenon. Prediction of these inelastic features in elastomers is an important challenge with immense industrial and technological relevance. In the present paper, a mi...