BACKGROUND Bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia (BONH) is often associated with other central nervous system midline abnormalities (septo-optic dysplasia). Hormonal dysfunction, caused by anterior (cortisol) and posterior (ADH) pituitary involvement, can be sudden, severe, and life threatening. METHODS Case series. Three cases of septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) presenting as infantile infection with ...

Cutaneous infantile haemangiomas affect approximately 1 in 10 children. They tend to follow a natural course of rapid proliferation during the first year of life and subsequently regress over 5-10 years. Most haemangiomas are non-problematic, but a few become problematic, through ocular, airway or functional impairment, or ulceration. Oral propranolol therapy has been observed to inhibit the pr...

INTRODUCTION The infantile colic is a difficult experience met by parents in the first few months of an infant's life. This may lead to increased discomfort for infants as well as psychological distress for mothers. This study aimed at assessing the baseline knowledge of mothers in Saudi Arabia about infantile colic mainly in regard to the etiology and management. METHODS In this cross-sectio...

Overview Infantile spasms, also known as West syndrome, is a catastrophic childhood epilepsy with seizures that are difficult to control; it is associated with mental retardation. It usually has an onset during the first year of life, and typically between 4 and 8 months. Early recognition, careful diagnostic evaluation, and proper treatment may allow some children to attain seizure control and...

Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are common vascular tumours. IH have a characteristic natural course. They proliferate rapidly during the early infantile period followed by a period of gradual regression over several years. Most of the uncomplicated IH undergo spontaneous involution, with a small proportion of cases requiring intervention. These are children with IH in life-threatening locations, lo...

BACKGROUND Malignant infantile osteopetrosis (MIOP) presents early in life with extreme sclerosis of the skeleton and reduction of bone marrow spaces. Since there is a defect in the bone marrow, the disease can cause anemia, extramedullary hematopoiesis secondary to anemia leading to hepatosplenomegaly, cranial nerves compression and severe growth failure. This disorder is often lethal within t...

Introduction:  Biliary atresia (BA) is the most common cause of neonatal jaundice, for which surgery is indicated. It may lead to portal hypertension and esophageal varices. Sometimes, BA is related to other congenital anomalies and malformation, while a coexistence of BA with facial hemangioma has not been reported, yet. Infantile hemangioma is a childhood benign vascular tumor. Beta bloc...