Ventricular septal defects are one of the most common congenital cardiac malformations and can be associated with many types of congenital and acquired heart disease.

Yuan SM. Congenital heart defects in Williams syndrome. Turk J Pediatr 2017; 59: 225-232. Williams syndrome (WS), also known as Williams-Beuren syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder involving multiple systems including the circulatory system. However, the etiologies of the associated congenital heart defects in WS patients have not been sufficiently elucidated and represent therapeutic challenge...

The Association for European Paediatric Cardiology, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and the European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery, have recently published detailed hierarchical listings for the description of ventricular septal defects. This review details the anatomic basis for the European codes, illustrating the phenotypic features of the various holes that can be described as pe...

Electrocardiograms and surgical data from 12 patients with complete atrioventricular canal defects and 24 patients with ostium primum defects were evaluated before and after open heart surgery in order to document the incidence of postoperative right bundle branch block. The use and precise location of septal sutures utilized for repair were specifically noted in order to assess their possible ...

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Horvat, H. Gabriel, E. Wolner and M. Grimm M. Gorlitzer, H. J. Ankersmit, G. Wollenek, W. Wisser, G. Wieselthaler, M. Haisjackl, R. concomitant domino heart transplantation Backtable ventricular and atrial septal defect repair of an Eisenmenger allograft with http://jtcs.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/123/2/374 the World Wide Web at: The online version of this arti...

background: there is some evidence indicating improvement in myocardial performance after atrial septal defect closure, either device closure or surgical, but ventricular dyssynchrony has not been evaluated before and after surgical closure. the aim of this study was to evaluate ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with atrial septal defect before and after surgical closure. methods:...

The systolic murmur associated with interventricular septal defect presents a number of variations which have been related to the location and size of the defect, the pulmonary vascular resistance, and to the pressure gradient between the ventricles. The purpose of this investigation was to study the relation of the pressure gradient in interventricular septal defect to the time-intensity chara...

The aim of the present study was to determine if patients with both pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), due to pulmonary vascular obstructive disease, and congenital heart defects (CHD), have mutations in the gene encoding bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR)-2. The BMPR2 gene was screened in two cohorts: 40 adults and 66 children with PAH/CHD. CHDs were patent ductus arteriosus, atria...

background rheumatismal mitral stenosis is less common today than it was several decades ago, but it is a common cause of mitral stenosis (ms) in the developing world. mitral valve stenosis symptoms include fatigue, palpitations, and shortness of breath especially with exertion. objectives the purpose of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of left atrial (la) thrombus and the ...