BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokine concentrations correlate with severity of sepsis. We hypothesised that patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) would have greater interleukin 6 (IL-6) production due to activation of the inflammatory cytokine cascade, matched by a significant anti-inflammatory cytokine response. Interleukin ...

Cytokine production by the immune system contributes importantly to both health and disease. The nervous system, via an inflammatory reflex of the vagus nerve, can inhibit cytokine release and thereby prevent tissue injury and death. The efferent neural signaling pathway is termed the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway. Cholinergic agonists inhibit cytokine synthesis and protect against cytok...

PURPOSE The authors have previously demonstrated that DHA inhibits cytokine-induced inflammation in human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs), the resident vasculature affected by diabetic retinopathy. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is still not well understood. Sphingolipids represent a major component of membrane microdomains, and ceramide-enriched microd...

The objective of the present review is to provide an overview of the metabolic effects of pro-inflammatory cytokine production during infection and injury; to highlight the disadvantages of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and inflammatory stress on morbidity and mortality of patients; to identify the influence of genetics and adiposity on inflammatory stress in patients and to indicate how...

abstract introduction: peptic ulcer is a common problem in medicine with serious impacts on the quality of life of patients. it has been shown that helicobacter pylori infection is related with inflammatory responses of gastric mucosa. however, some patients remain asymptomatic. sustained colonization and chronic inflammation increase the risk of gastritis and peptic ulcer. the aim of this stud...

traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of disability and death from injury in the world. the interleukin-1 (il-1) is a family of cytokines that act as key mediators of the inflammatory response peripherally and centrally. based on many studies, researchers found that the il-1 is the well-known molecule in relation to acute tbi in the models of both focal and diffuse injuries. the il-1 family...

background and aims: adenovector gene transfer induces inflammatory response that finally leads to vector removal from delivered site. the effect of hydrodynamic pre-injection on adenovector mediated liver inflammation remained elusive. materials and methods: different mice groups were pre-treated by hydrodynamic saline, dexamethasone or nothing prior to adeno-luciferase administration. their s...

To gain more insight into the role of cytokines in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) we followed pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles in rats with steroid-induced PCP at 2-week intervals. The cytokines measured were immunoreactive interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), bioactive interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). In vivo cytokine concentrations were determined in three c...

Purpose . Conduct extended analysis of cytokine status and its role in inflammatory processes uveal melanoma based on multiplex blood serum. Patients methods Immunological studies serum lacrimal fluid were performed 80 patients with 38 healthy donors (control group). The average age the surveyed was 53.7 ± 12.2 years. Group 1 included 32 small-sized choroidal (T1NoMo), group 2 consisted 26 medi...

background: repeated implantation failure (rif) is one of the most intricate obstacles in assisted reproduction. the cytokine and chemokine composition of uterine cavity seem to play important roles in the implantation process. objective: to compare the cytokine profile in the endometrium of normal fertile women and those with repeated implantation failure. methods: after enzymatic digestion of...