Bayes belief networks and influence diagrams are tools for constructing coherent probabilistic representations of uncertain expert opinion. The construction of such a network with about 30 nodes is used to illustrate a variety of techniques which can facilitate the process of structuring and quantifying uncertain relationships. These include some generalizations of the "noisy OR gate" concept. ...

Learning from demonstration utilizes human expertise to program a robot. We believe this approach to robot programming will facilitate the development and deployment of general purpose personal robots that can adapt to specific user preferences. Demonstrations can potentially take place across a wide variety of environmental conditions. In this paper we study the impact that the users visual ac...

This paper discusses the use of uncertain knowledge in eipert systems. The discussion is focused on the use of these systems to support decision making in complei, uncertain environments. Within this conteit, our research indicates that strictly probabilistic representations, which enable the use or decision-theoretic reasoning, are highly preferable to recently proposed alternatives. Furthermo...

This paper presents a cross-cultural comparison of U.S., Canadian-Anglophone, Canadian-Francophone, and Mexican managers’ attitudes toward upward influence strategies. Generally, it was found that all four groups have similar perspectives in terms of the relative acceptability of various influence strategies. However, examination of absolute ratings of influence behaviors suggests that Canadian...

Modeling the perceived behaviors of other agents improves the performance of an agent in multiagent interactions. We utilize the language of interactive influence diagrams to model repeated interactions between the agents, and ascribe procedural models to other agents. Procedural models offer the benefit of understanding how others arrive at their behaviors. As model spaces are often bounded, t...

This paper describes a heuristic Bayesian method for computing probability distributions from experimental data, based upon the normal distribution form of the influence diagram. An example illustrates its use in medical technology assessment. This approach facilitates the integration of results from different studies, and permits a medical expert to make proper assessments without considerable...

This paper presents a framework for analysis of how IT systems add business value by causally affecting the structure of organizations. The well established theory of organizational behavior developed by Mintzberg combined with more recent research on business value of IT is used to develop a quantitative theoretical framework showing which business values are affected by IT in relation to the ...

It has been established that normative social influence can be used effectively in persuasive technology. However, it is unknown whether the application of more social pressure makes it more effective. To test this hypothesis, a quantitative experiment was conducted on the online social network Facebook. Although evidence to support the hypothesis was found, it cannot be concluded from this exp...

We present a probabilistic model that assesses student emotional reaction during interaction with an educational game. Following a well-known cognitive theory of emotions (the OCC theory), the model predicts a student’s emotional state by assessing the student’s appraisal of her interaction with the game, in light of the student’s goals and personality. We illustrate how the model relies on a D...