many experimental studies have reported behavioral improvement after transplantation of peripheral nerve tissue into the contused spinal cord, even in large animals. the safety of this treatment in human remains unknown. in this translational phase 1 study, safety of peripheral nerve grafting for chronic spinal cord injuries and possible outcomes are being reported. twelve complete motor spinal...

purpose: to report the first case of concomitant optic nerve transection and chorioretinitis sclopetaria patient and findings: a 12-year-old boy with history of bb gun injury to his right eye was referred for loss of vision 8 months after the accident. visual acuity in the right eye was counting fingers at one meter with 3+ rapd. on slit lamp examination, right eye seemed normal except 1+ anter...

Despite the important role of both cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms (i.e. COX-1 and COX-2) in maintenance of hypersensitivity following peripheral nerve injury, their role in the development of neuropathic pain is not clear. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of COX inhibitors to address the potential role of COX isozymes in the development of neuropathic pain in rats after c...

PURPOSE Presently, no standardized technique exists to monitor injection pressures during peripheral nerve blocks. Our objective was to determine if a compressed air injection technique, using an in vitro model based on Boyle's law and typical regional anesthesia equipment, could consistently maintain injection pressures below a 1293 mmHg level associated with clinically significant nerve injur...

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is a key enzyme for nitric oxide production in neuronal tissues and contributes to the spinal central sensitization in inflammatory pain. However, the role of nNOS in neuropathic pain remains unclear. The present study combined a genetic strategy with a pharmacologic approach to examine the effects of genetic knockout and pharmacologic inhibition of nNOS on...

Fifty-four injection injuries in 52 patients were caused by mandibular block analgesia affecting the lingual nerve (n=42) and/or the inferior alveolar nerve (n=12). All patients were examined with a standardized test of neurosensory functions. The perception of the following stimuli was assessed: feather light touch, pinprick, sharp/dull discrimination, warm, cold, point location, brush stroke ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To investigate the efficacy of paclitaxel, a potent microtubule inhibitor with a more favorable therapeutic index as compared with vincristine, in preventing post-traumatic nerve regeneration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve into the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle in a canine laryngeal model. STUDY DESIGN Experimental animal study. METHODS Forty-nine canine hemilaryng...

Introduction: As sex differences have been observed repeatedly in chronic pain, it is likely that the gonadal hormones are responsible for these differences. To investigate the responsible mechanism for chronic pain different models have been created. This study is examining the effects of gonadal hormones on nociceptive responses of the rats in CCI (chronic constriction injury) and SNI (spread...

Recent studies have indicated an important role of ATP receptors in spinal microglia, such as P2Y12 or P2Y13, in the development of chronic pain. However, intracellular signaling cascade of these receptors have not been clearly elucidated. We found that intrathecal injection of 2-(methylthio)adenosine 5'-diphosphate (2Me-SADP) induced mechanical hypersensitivity and p38 mitogen-activated protei...

To the Editor:—We read with interest the case report by Sala-Blanch et al. The authors describe an unorthodox but interesting treatment for patients undergoing continuous sciatic nerve block that raises several concerns. In short, using computed tomographic imaging without clear clinical indication, the authors documented that nerve stimulator–guided needle placement during sciatic nerve block ...