The Colilert (CL) and Coliquik (CQ) systems were compared in a presence-absence format against the Standard Methods membrane filtration (MF) technique to determine whether differences existed in total coliform detection. Approximately 750 water samples were collected from distribution systems, covered and uncovered storage reservoirs, well sites, and the influent to drinking water treatment pla...

background and objectives: different trichoderma species play role as suitable alternative for chemical fertilizers and successful biological tool in stable agriculture. these microorganisms show rivalry in food and place sources. they establish in the rhizosphere of most agricultural and non-agricultural plants via producing spores. they also could induce resistance in plants. these properties...

Methods for diagnosis of viral infection have progressed rapidly during the past two to three decades from animal inoculation to computer automation. Virus isolation, however, still remains the "gold standard." With the availability of antiviral agents, physicians now demand accurate laboratory diagnosis of their patients' illnesses in order to give proper treatment. Discovery of unknown viral ...

In connection with certain investigations being carried out in this laboratory, it was found necessary to work with sixto twelve-hour cultures of bacteria in fluid culture media. The apparatus described below was devised to obviate the need of either coming to the laboratory late in the evening to inoculate cultures for the following day's work or of wasting time waiting for cultures to grow ou...

The reasons for using sterilized pus in the place of autogenous or other vaccines are : 1. The great simplicity and cheapness. 2. The pus is truly autogenous, this is not so with vaccines prepared from organisms grown on artificial media; for the organism is changed by such growth. 3. Besides the bacteria, pus contains toxins, and antibodies both extremely useful for therapeutic inoculation. Th...

INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; INRA, UR444 Laboratoire de génétique cellulaire, F-31320 CastanetTolosan, France; INRA, UMR1286; CNRS, UMR5226, Laboratoire PsyNuGen, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; INRA, UE967 Génétique expérimentale en productions animales, F-17700 Surgères, France; INRA, UAR2 Services déconcentrés d’appui à la recherche – Poit...

Fungi that occur inside asymptomatic plant tissues are known as fungal endophytes. Different genera of fungal entomopathogens have been reported as naturally occurring fungal endophytes, and it has been shown that it is possible to inoculate plants with fungal entomopathogens, making them endophytic. Their mode of action against insects appears to be due to antibiosis or feeding deterrence. Res...

The ever increasing movement of viruses around the world poses a major threat to plants growing in cultivated and natural ecosystems. Both generalist and specialist viruses move via trade in plants and plant products. Their potential to damage cultivated plants is well understood, but little attention has been given to the threat such viruses pose to plant biodiversity. To address this, we stud...