Why is Africa poor? Conversely, what has sustained the immense economic growth we have seen in the U.K., the U.S., and other developed countries over the last couple of centuries? While there is no single answer to these questions, technical change looms large among possible explanations. From Solow’s seminal work on growth theory to the “new growth economics”, technical change is the engine of...

construction plans are regarded as the basis of the economy in the society. any delays in the utilization of projects can cause to waste the investments and the loss of technical and economic justifications. in this paper, the barriers of on-time delivery in water projects will be scrutinized in mazandaran regional water company. so, the independent variables such as management obstacles, cultu...

Abstract China’s “economic juggernaut” is often noted to have arisen from successful market reforms carried out in the context of high state capacity. In contrast, we demonstrate that crucial replace central planning with markets stalled as a result major barriers two types: institutional and ideational. Focusing on electricity sector, find pushed by government are hindered deep inefficiencies ...

This paper constructs a simple model that can account for both the negative relationship between growth and income inequality observed in the cross-country data and the positive relationship observed within countries over time. The model employs a dualeconomy structure with formal and informal sectors. Growth is driven by formal sector human capital spillovers. Restrictive institutions impose b...

Despite the need for targeted HIV prevention interventions for prison inmates, institutional and access barriers have impeded development and evaluation of such programs. Over the past 6 years, the authors have developed a unique collaborative relationship to develop and evaluate HIV prevention interventions for prison inmates. The collaboration includes an academic research institution (the Ce...

BACKGROUND Cross-institutional cross-disciplinary collaboration has become a trend as researchers move toward building more productive and innovative teams for scientific research. Research collaboration is significantly changing the organizational structure and strategies used in the clinical and translational science domain. However, due to the obstacles of diverse administrative structures, ...