A 74-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus developed ketoacidosis within six days of adding metformin to imeglimin treatment. The patient was insulin-sensitive and showed preserved insulin secretion; therefore, insufficiency alone unlikely contribute the development ketoacidosis. Both partially inhibit complex I in mitochondrial respiratory chain. Inhibition respiration can lead tricarbo...

An appropriate insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells is necessary to maintain glucose homeostasis. A rise in plasma glucose leads to increased metabolism and an elevated cytoplasmic ATP/ADP ratio that finally triggers insulin granule exocytosis. In addition to this triggering pathway, one or more amplifying pathways-activated by amino acids or fatty acid-enhance secretion by promoting insu...

OBJECTIVE GPR40 is a G protein-coupled receptor regulating free fatty acid-induced insulin secretion. We generated transgenic mice overexpressing the hGPR40 gene under control of the mouse insulin II promoter and used them to examine the role of GPR40 in the regulation of insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Normal (C57BL/6J) and diabetic (KK) mice overexpres...

objective(s) pde3 has a functional role in insulin secretion and action. we investigated the metabolic effects of new synthetic pde3 inhibitors (mc1, mc2, mc5 and mc6), on mice and hyperglycemic rat. materials and methods the test compound or solvent was injected subcutaneously to mice, for 7 days. on day 8, blood and liver samples were obtained. in hyperglycemic rat, 0.5 g/kg glucose with or w...

Rab GTPases and their effectors play important roles in membrane trafficking between cellular compartments in eukaryotic cells. In the present study, we examined the roles of Rab11B and its effectors in insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells. In the mouse insulin-secreting cell line MIN6, Rab11 was co-localized with insulin-containing granules, and over-expression of the GTP- or the GDP-bou...

Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion are reciprocally related such that insulin resistance is adapted by increased insulin secretion to maintain normal glucose and lipid homeostasis. The relation between insulin sensitivity and secretion is curvilinear and mathematically best described as a hyperbolic relation. Several potential mediators have been suggested to be signals for the beta cell...

Impaired insulin secretion and increased resistance are major contributors to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Because pancreatic β-cell function play an important role in prevention, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis DM, several methods for measuring them have been developed based on dynamic static tests. tests time consuming labor intensive, they not suitable use practice. Static sim...

Matveyenko AV, Veldhuis JD, Butler PC. Adaptations in pulsatile insulin secretion, hepatic insulin clearance, and -cell mass to age-related insulin resistance in rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 295: E832–E841, 2008. First published July 29, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90451.2008.—In health insulin is secreted in discrete insulin secretory bursts from pancreatic -cells, collectively referred t...