Since the TRIPS Agreement (Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) came into effect, Brazil, like other developing countries, has become more assertive in multilateral negotiations and begun to argue that the present international system of intellectual property should be better adapted to its needs and interests. In doing so, the country has emphasized that intellec...

“Intellectual property protection is important, but, almost of necessity, imperfect. It is harder and therefore more costly to define than conventional property, and by the same token, it is costlier to enforce intellectual property rights. In some cases, the inventor gets more than his marginal contribution, in other cases, less. Intellectual property protection strengthens dynamic efficiency ...

Intellectual property (“IP”) is often credited with providing an incentive for inventors to develop their creativity. Through IP protection, inventors can recoup their investment and make a profit. That idea, which has inspired legislators worldwide, is currently challenged in the European case law on competition. In the last twenty years, five cases have limited, in the name of competition, th...

INTRODUCTION Individuals with intellectual disabilities are rarely targeted by the current human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) response, thereby reducing their access to HIV information and services. Currently, little is known about the HIV knowledge and sexual practices of young Nigerians with intellectual disabilities. Thus, this study sought to compare the HIV knowledge and sexual practices o...

BACKGROUND Prevalence of intellectual disabilities varies considerably between studies. People with intellectual disabilities experience health inequalities, but most studies comprise small or incomplete populations. We investigated in a whole country population the (1) prevalence of intellectual disabilities and (2) general health status compared with the general population. METHOD Data were...

Purpose – This paper aims to analyse the relationship between intellectual capital and financial capital using a case study. This makes it possible to discuss how intellectual capital is related to value creation with a degree of nuance that is absent from most statistical studies of relationships between human, organisational, relational and financial capital. Design/methodology/approach – The...

My plan in this paper is to defend a 'cognitive requirement' on intellectual virtue. I shall argue that part of what is involved with possessing an intellectual virtue is having a certain cognitive perspective on or belief about the disposition in question. The argument will shed light on two main aspects of intellectual virtue. First, it will illuminate the positive psychological substance or ...

introduction: nowadays human capital is the main asset in organizations. thus, the employees’ intellectual involvement is a key factor in the success of organizations. hence organizations should seek for factors that affect and boost the employees’ intellectual involvement. therefore, the present research aimed at discovering the relationship between organizational commitment and social capital...

Recent global developments in the regulation of trade and intellectual property rights threaten to hinder the access of populations in developing countries to essential drugs. The authors argue for state intervention in the health and pharmaceutical markets in order to guarantee equitable access to these products.