Wund-D.A.CH., as the umbrella organization of German-speaking wound treatment societies, has currently developed a best practice recommendation for skin damage caused by body fluids, which is known moisture-associated (MASD) in English-speaking countries. In this expert consensus, diseases incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD), intertriginous dermatitis, including intertrigo, gram-negative b...

Morton neuroma, or interdigital neuritis, is a compression neuropathy with associated perineural fibrosis that is caused by entrapment of the interdigital nerve near the distal edge of the transverse intermetatarsal ligament. The second and third interdigital nerves in the forefoot are most commonly involved. In one series, Morton neuroma was found to occur at an average age of 55 years (range,...

The complete cohort of molecules involved in interdigital cell death (ICD) and their interactions are yet to be defined. Bmp proteins, retinoic acid (RA) and Fgf8 have been previously identified as relevant factors in the control of ICD. Here we determined that downregulation of Fgf8 expression in the ectoderm overlying the interdigital areas is the event that triggers ICD, whereas RA is the pe...

Mutations in the GJA1 gene coding for connexin43 (Cx43) cause oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD), a pleiotropic human disorder with characteristic morphologic anomalies of face, teeth, bones and digits. Interdigital webbings, also called syndactylies, are a characteristic phenotype of this disease showing high intra- and interfamilial penetrance. Therefore, we decided to study the molecular bas...

Here we report the pattern of expression of inhibitor of DNA binding/differentiation factor 2 (Id2) in the developing chicken limb. We show that prior to stage 25, Id2 is expressed in the anterior and posterior mesoderm, the AER, and in the early skeletal chondrogenic aggregates. At more advanced stages of limb development Id2 is expressed in the undifferentiated subectodermal and interdigital ...

A spectrum of limb abnormalities ranging from adactyly, syndactyly, acrosyndactyly to nail hypoplasia was encountered in mouse embryos subjected to amniotic sac puncture at the corresponding gestational stage when human chorionic villus sampling (cvs) would normally be performed clinically. Previous skeletal studies revealed that, apart from the occasional incidence of fusion of 2 distal phalan...

Gross anatomy of the fetlock joint of the seven male adult onehumped camels were studied. In present study, the tendinous middle interosseous muscle, interdigital intersesamoid and straight sesamoid ligaments were observed. However, there was no proximal interdigital ligament. In conclusion, we found that the gross anatomy of the ligaments in one-humped camel fetlock joint share remarkable simi...

A simple and compact 4.9 GHz bandpass filter for C-band applications is proposed. This paper presents a novel microstrip cross-coupled interdigital half-wavelength stepped impedance resonator (SIR) based bandpass filter (BPF).The designed structure is similar to that of a combination of two parallel interdigital capacitors. The scattering parameters of the structure are measured using vector ne...

Available microwave notch-type damage detection sensors are typically based on monitoring frequency shift or magnitude changes. However, frequency shift testing needs sweep-frequency data that make scanning detection becomes difficult and time-consuming. This work presents a microwave near-field nondestructive testing sensor for detecting sub-millimeter notch-type damage detection in metallic s...

There is recent evidence showing that in addition to the well-known mesenchymal necrotic mechanism involved in the disappearance of the interdigital membranes, the ectodermal tissue may also play an active role in the formation of the free digits of most vertebrates. Ultrastructural study of the regressing interdigital membrane of the chick leg revealed significant changes at the epitheliomesen...