Intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) barrier dysfunction may lead to inflammation and mucosal injury. Glutamine (GLN) plays a role in maintenance of intestinal barrier function in various animal models and critically ill humans. Recent evidence from intestinal cell monolayers indicates that GLN maintains transepithelial resistance and decreases permeability. The mechanisms of these effects...

Xian, C. J., G. S. Howarth, C. E. Mardell, J. C. Cool, M. Familari, L. C. Read, and A. S. Giraud. Temporal changes in TFF3 expression and jejunal morphology during methotrexate-induced damage and repair. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G785–G795, 1999.—Trefoil factor TFF3 has been implicated in intestinal protection and repair. This study investigated the spatiotemporal r...

BACKGROUND The proportion of starch disappearing from the small intestinal lumen is generally lower in ruminants than in monogastric animals, and there are indications that the starch digestion capacity in ruminants is limited. OBJECTIVES Milk-fed calves were used to study the rate-limiting enzyme in starch hydrolysis and to quantify starch fermentation in ruminants. METHODS Forty male Hols...

the objective of this study was to determine the effects of hulled and hull-less barley grains’ chemical treatment on disappearance of dry matter (dm), starch and cncps carbohydrate fractions. for barley grain treatment, naoh, formaldehyde and urea were used at 35, 4 and 35 gr/kg dm respectively. three mature rams (one year old) of zel breed were rumen cannulated to calculate ruminal disappeara...

A study was conducted with pigs to determine the sites of and the influence of dietary wheat middlings (WM) as a fiber source on the absorption of dl-Met (DLM) and dl-2-hydroxy-4-methylthio butanoic acid (HMTBA). Twelve 25-kg barrows were used in a replicated 6 × 4 incomplete Latin-square design with 6 diets and 4 periods per pig. Each pig was surgically fitted with simple T-cannulas in the ter...

wax precipitate is one of the most serious issues the oil industry is currently facing, since it can cause some troubles such as increasing of the pressure losses in pipe which subsequently increases the required power for pumpage. to remove this problem, prediction of wax disappearance temperature (wdt) seems necessary. in this study, the pressure influence on the wax disappearance temperature...

PURPOSE Intestinal enzyme inhibition may be an effective tool to increase the oral bioavailability of compounds that undergo first-pass intestinal metabolism. However, systemic enzyme inhibition may be undesirable and therefore should be minimized. 2-Beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (F-ddA) is an adenosine deaminase (ADA) activated prodrug of 2-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyinosine (F-ddI) with en...