BACKGROUND Certain Native American populations have high rates of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We aimed to determine the disease spectrum and risk factors of White Mountain Apache adults (age, >or=18 years) with IPD and the use and effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) in this population. METHODS We conducted active surveillance for IPD between 1991 and 2005. Medi...

Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a leading cause of invasive infections including bacteremia and meningitis, as well as mucosal infections such as otitis media and pneumonia among children and adults. The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was licensed for use among infants and young children in many countries including Korea. The routine use of PCV7 has resulted in a decreased inci...

In humans, nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae is common and although primarily asymptomatic, a pre-requisite for pneumonia invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Together, these kill over 500,000 people the age 70 years worldwide every year. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have been largely successful in reducing IPD young children had considerable indirect impact protection olde...

Recently, there has been an increase in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae throughout Europe. Serotype 1 IPD is associated with bacteremia and pneumonia in Europe and North America, especially in neonates, and is ranked among the top five most prevalent pneumococcal serotypes in at least 10 countries. The currently licensed pediatric pneumococcal v...

BACKGROUND Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) results in high morbidity and mortality globally each year, although it is a vaccine-preventable disease. This study aimed to characterize the clinical features of IPD in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in Taiwan. The seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in the private sector in October 2005. The estimated covera...

Although serogroup 6 was among the first to be recognized among Streptococcus pneumoniae, several new serotypes were identified since the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). A decrease of the 6B-2 variant among invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), but not 6B-1, was noted post conjugate vaccine introduction, underpinned by a decrease of CC273 isolates. Serotype 6C was associa...

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes differ in clinical manifestations among adults. Indirect effects of pediatric use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) affect rates of adult serotype-specific invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). To characterize PCV effect on adult serotype patterns, we reviewed the literature for differences in proportions and incidence matching the 23-valent pneumococca...

OBJECTIVE Ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was earlier shown to reduce clinically suspected, non-laboratory-confirmed invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in a cluster-randomized trial (the Finnish Invasive Pneumococcal disease trial). PCV10 was introduced into the Finnish national vaccination program in September 2010 using a 3-dose schedule. We evaluated the impact of PCV10 on...

BACKGROUND Alaska Native children have high invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) rates, and lack of in-home running water has been shown to have a significant association with infection. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines reduced IPD; however, this population saw substantial replacement disease and colonization with nonvaccine serotypes. We evaluated risk factors for nasopharyngeal pneumococcal col...

BACKGROUND Certain chronic diseases increase risk for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and are indications for receipt of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23). Since the pediatric introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000, incidence of IPD among adults has declined. The relative magnitude of these indirect effects among persons with and without P...