AIMS Inward remodelling of the resistance vasculature is predictive of hypertension and life-threatening cardiovascular events. We hypothesize that the contractile mechanisms responsible for maintaining a reduced diameter over time in response to prolonged stimulation with vasoconstrictor agonists are in part responsible for the initial stages of the remodelling process. Here we investigated th...

Slow Inward Current, Thallium Intoxication, Voltage Clamp, Available Intracellular Energy To conclude our investigation of thallium effects on cardiac tissues, we studied the slow inward current of sheep cardiac Purkinje fibres exposed to 10“7 to 105 m Tl+ for extended periods of up to 80 min. Our previous results had suggested a possible involvement of the slow inward current during thallium i...

Abstract Many studies raise the issue of relationships between internationalization and innovativeness, linking them with firms’ international competitiveness. However, very few these focus on influence innovativeness regard multifaceted nature two concepts. The study presented in this paper is based a holistic approach to innovativeness. It explores outward (e.g. exporting, FDI) inward importi...

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is an investment from one country into another country. The purpose of this research to determine the factors that affect FDI inward in Indonesia. object used condition Indonesia within 50 years 1970 until 2019 with quantitative methods. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression and software statistic E-views. results shows Tax Treaty has posit...

The paper deals with solutions of a differential inclusion ẋ ∈ F (x) constrained to a compact convex set Ω. Here F is a compact, possibly non-convex valued, Lipschitz continuous multifunction, whose convex closure coF satisfies a strict inward pointing condition at every boundary point x ∈ ∂Ω. Given a reference trajectory x∗(·) taking values in an ε-neighborhood of Ω, we prove the existence of ...

The datum σ yields a measure dσ on the boundary ∂P—on each edge E we take dσ to be a constant multiple of the standard Lebesgue measure with the constant normalised so that the mass of the edge is σ(E). Equally, the datum σ specifies an affine-linear defining function λE for each edge E, i.e. the edge lies in the hyperplane λ E (0). We choose an inward-pointing normal vector v at a point of E w...

We consider an optimal control problem under state constraints and show that to every optimal solution corresponds an adjoint state satisfying the first order necessary optimality conditions in the form of a maximum principle and sensitivity relations involving the value function. Such sensitivity relations were recently investigated by P. Bettiol and R.B. Vinter for state constraints with smoo...

We have used the 2-electrode voltage-clamp technique to analyze the effects of the neuropeptide, egg-laying hormone (ELH), and the biogenic amine 5-HT on ionic currents in the buccal motoneuron B16 of Aplysia. When B16 is voltage-clamped near resting membrane potential, bath-applied ELH induces a prolonged inward shift in holding current. The ELH-induced inward current is not due to a decrease ...

Strong depolarization and dihydropyridine agonists potentiate inward currents through native L-type Ca2+ channels, but the effect on outward currents is less clear due to the small size of these currents. Here, we examined potentiation of wild-type alpha1C and two constructs bearing mutations in conserved glutamates in the pore regions of repeats II and IV (E2A/E4A-alpha1C) or repeat III (E3K-a...

The effects of the nitric oxide donor, S-nitrosoacetylpenicillamine (SNAP), were tested on cultured dissociated guinea pig celiac ganglion neurons using whole cell patch-clamp recordings. S-nitrosoacetylpenicillamine induced a concentration- and voltage-dependent inwardly directed shift in holding current (inward current shift) in 89% of neurons. The inward current shift was prevented by pre-tr...