The ionic current flowing through a protein channel in the membrane of a biological cell depends on the concentration of the permeant ion, as well as on many other variables. As the concentration increases, the rate of arrival of bath ions to the channel's entrance increases, and typically so does the net current. This concentration dependence is part of traditional diffusion and rate models th...

We review the relationship between polygyny and HIV and identify a positive individual-level correlation, and a negative ecological correlation. We subsequently examine two mechanisms that contribute to the individual-level correlation. First, we find that men in polygynous marriages have more extramarital sex than men in monogamous unions (both in terms of self reports and in terms of spousal ...

where the variables α and β range over entities of some sort, and where ∼ is an equivalence relation on this sort of entity. Frege’s inconsistent Basic Law V shows that not every such principle is acceptable. A variety of criteria for acceptable abstraction have been proposed.1 In this note I analyze the logical relations between some of the proposed criteria, in particular conservativeness, ir...

The importance of a person's spirit and eternal destiny are eclipsed in American medi- cine. The most alarming effect of this eclipse is that the prevalence of burnout among physicians is high (about 46 percent) and growing.' It is alarming because trends that deplete the physician's spirit tragically impair the physician's capacity as a healer and as one who renews the spirit.

Sunni Islam has no supreme legal authority and disagreement by doctors of Islamic law over all issues not clarified by Islamic law is physiological. This is the case with Medically Assisted Reproduction: after an initially critical attitude, tolerance, limited exclusively to homologous practices, is spreading, whilst recourse to heterologous practices is considered on a par with adultery or for...

Premarital precursors of infidelity were evaluated in a sample of 72 couples (N = 144) who were taking part in a longitudinal study of marriage. Premarital self-report and observational data were compared for couples who experienced infidelity and those who did not experience infidelity in the first years of marriage. Couples in which the male engaged in marital infidelity were characterized, p...

In applying Donnan's theory of membrane equilibria to systems where the non-diffusible ion is furnished by a weak acid, base, or ampholyte, certain new relations have been derived. Equations have been deduced which give the ion ratio and the apparent osmotic pressure as functions of the concentration and ionization constant of the weak electrolyte, and of the hydrogen ion concentration in its s...

The relation between current and voltage, I-V relation, is central to functional analysis of membrane ion channels. A commonly used method, since the introduction of the voltage-clamp technique, to establish the I-V relation depends on the interpolation of current amplitudes recorded at different steady voltages. By a theoretical computational approach as well as by experimental recordings from...

Recent ly McCabe and Murphy have considered the two-po in t Pad6 approx iman t s to a funct ion for which (formal) power series expansions at the origin and at inf ini ty are given. In this paper these approximat ions are slightly modi f ied and de te rminan t representa t ions for them are given. The existence o f various th ree t e rm recursion relations for the numera tors and denominators o...