Dendritic cells (DCs) are central to innate and adaptive immunity of early kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and strategies to alter DC function may provide new therapeutic opportunities. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) modulates immunity through binding to its receptors (S1P1-5), and protection from kidney IRI occurs in S1P3-deficient mice. Through a series of experiments we determined t...

BACKGROUND Remote ischemic perconditioning (RIPerC), remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC), and remote ischemic perconditioning + postconditioning (RIPerC + RIPostC) protect against renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the most beneficial approach among these is not known. AIMS To compare the protective effects and study the mechanisms of three different remote ischemic cond...

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a series of multifaceted cellular events that takes place on the resumption of oxygen delivery to the affected organ after a period of hypoxia. IRI occurs in the liver during procedures that are associated with vascular inflow obstruction followed by restoration of blood flow, particularly during orthotopic liver transplantation. IRI can result in major hepa...

Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury, a common problem worldwide associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We have recently examined the role of microRNAs (miRs) in renal IRI using expression profiling. Here we conducted mathematical analyses to determine if differential expression of miRs can be used to define a biomarker of renal IRI. Principa...

The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) a joint project of URSI and COSPAR is the defacto standard for a climatological specification of ionospheric parameters. IRI is based on a wide range of ground and space data and has been steadily improved since its inception in 1969 with the ever-increasing volume of ionospheric data and with better mathematical descriptions of the observed global a...

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear factor released extracellularly as an inflammatory cytokine, is an endogenous ligand for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). TLR4 activation mediates kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), but whether HMGB1 contributes to IRI is unknown. Here, treating wild-type mice with neutralizing anti-HMGB1 antibody protected them against kidney IRI, evidenced by lo...

Liver ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is inevitable during transplantation and resection and is characterized by hepatocellular injury. Therapeutic strategies to reduce IRI and accelerate regeneration could offer major benefits. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are reported to have anti-inflammatory and regeneration promoting properties. We investigated the effect of MSC in a model of combined IR...

Activation of A2A adenosine receptors (A2ARs) protects kidneys from ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). A2ARs are expressed on bone marrow-derived (BM-derived) cells and renal smooth muscle, epithelial, and endothelial cells. To measure the contribution of A2ARs on BM-derived cells in suppressing renal IRI, we examined the effects of a selective agonist of A2ARs, ATL146e, in chimeric mice in whi...

Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) represents a worldwide public health issue of increasing incidence. IRI may virtually affect all organs and tissues and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Particularly, the duration of blood supply deprivation has been recognized as a critical factor in stroke, hemorrhagic shock, or myocardial infarction, as well as in solid organ transplan...

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as gene expression regulators in the progression of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Accumulating evidences have indicated miR-29a play roles in myocardial and cerebral IRI. However, the role of miR-29a in testicular IRI has not been elucidated. Methods: Changes in expression of miR-29a and Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in animal ...