smallholder schemes will not survive Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) as it is currently envisioned. For IMT to be successful in the African smallholder context, governments must first enhance the income-creation potential of smallholder irrigated farming by strengthening market access, promoting high-value crops and improving extension and technical support to smallholder irrigators. This ...

abstract in order to investigate the effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer, on yield peanut plant, with furrow method of irrigation and water use efficiency (wue) in management to create a proper and better production, split plot experiment was over taken as in complete randomize blocks with three replications and main plot with 6, 12 and 18 day interval irrigation and no irrigation and ...

The North China Plain is one of the most important grain production regions in China, but is facing serious water shortages. To achieve a balance between water use and the need for food self-sufficiency, new water efficient irrigation strategies need to be developed that balance water use with farmer net return. The Crop Environment Resource Synthesis Wheat (CERES-Wheat model) was calibrated an...

Evaluation of irrigation system performance facilitates objective analysis of the typical as opposed to the potential performance of various types of irrigation systems and the respective management criteria, appropriate for local conditions. This information can also help with the selection of one system over another given local constraints. The impact that the application uniformity of a syst...

In developing Asian countries, a major recent change in irrigation management is the rapid spread of private pumps and wells (modern irrigation systems). This process was accelerated by the introduction of the hydraulic drilling method in the 1980s and further by the development of the pump industry in China and India in the 1990s. The spread of modern systems is associated with the decline in ...

Irrigated agriculture has contributed greatly to food security in Asia— and irrigation projects present new opportunities for reducing poverty. This requires that projects deliberately tilt towards the poor. Moreover, policymakers, implementers and managers need to adopt an integrated approach when using irrigation as a pro-poor intervention strategy. With the right institutional and technical ...

Pleural infection is increasing in incidence. Despite optimal medical management, up to 30% of patients will die or require surgery. Case reports suggest that irrigation of the pleural space with saline may be beneficial.A randomised controlled pilot study in which saline pleural irrigation (three times per day for 3 days) plus best-practice management was compared with best-practice management...

Successful irrigation management of tree and vine crops to control soil salinity requires adequate leaching, which is defined as sufficient water to remove excess salts from the root zone above that required to meet crop demand. Excess salts decrease growth and yield in trees and vines and may lead to more severe effects such as leaf bum and even plant death. The salt tolerances of many crops h...