one of the important theological issues in many religions - and most importantly in abrahamic religions - is ‘angelology’, especially the recognition of ‘archangels.’ this study focuses on one of the angels called ‘raphael’ and compares his significance and duties in the three religions: judaism, christianity and islam. in addition, it is examined whether raphael equals the islamic angel ‘israf...

In the medieval history of Islamic medicine sources, there is a lot of information regarding the translation of the books on the Alexandria Medical School and regarding the bibliographies of doctors. Among the books that were taught in Alexandria Medical School, Galen`s works are the most important. One of the famous translators, Hunayn ibn Ishaq, has made a full bibliographic list of Galen`s ...

this article tries to compare two contiguous concepts inzoroaster’s gāthas, “spэništa mainyu”- “spэnta mainyu”, withtwo others in ibn arabi’s mystical system, “al-fayḍ al-aqdas”-“al-fayḍ al-muqaddas”. by this comparison, we are in quest ofarraying an explanation of two basic concepts of the gāthaswithin the theories of a major figure of islamic mysticism ratherthan corresponding these two to th...

: in this article the presence of women in islamic society has been addressed. women has been discussed in three social, economic, and scientific areas. the relation between the islamic jurisdiction and social presence of women has been studied based on the act and tradition of the prophet and imams. moreover, this article examines how much the islamic rulers adhere to the islamic acts and trad...

Šāh-nāma of Firdowsī and the naqqāli tradition are two distinctive traditions Iran. Šāh-nāma, an epic that tells story pre-Islamic Iran, focuses on a heroic narrative. The naqqāli’s feature, against background other oral traditions, is combination religious narrative in order to spread Shiism way interesting audience. Ferdowsī's work represent periods Iran’s history its culture. These separated...

A review was conducted of English-language peer-reviewed and gray literature on health and ethics written by authors from Bangladesh, China, India, and Pakistan. This was supplemented by the knowledge of co-authors who are involved in bioethics capacity building in these countries. Of the identified literature that focused on the application of Western principles, it largely discussed informed ...

sign of the diffusion of Chinese technology; to the textual and ethnographic sources noted by the authors, a large once-molten slag flow recently excavated by Coughenour in an Ayyubid-Mamluk ironworking area near Ajlun, Jordan can now be added as further evidence of the introduction of blast-furnace technology in medieval Islamic times. In a work of this scope, some minor lapses are inevitable....

BACKGROUND The globalization of medical science carries for doctors worldwide a correlative duty to deepen their understanding of patients' cultural contexts and religious backgrounds, in order to satisfy each as a unique individual. To become better informed, practitioners may turn to MedLine, but it is unclear whether the information found there is an accurate representation of culture and re...

sobhi mansour, in the book al-quran va kafa masdara li al-tashri' al-islami, tries to introduce the quran as the single source of islamic legislationaccording to quran itself and therefore to prove the lack of authority of traditions.he maintains that according to quranic verses, quran is a complete andcomprehensive book, has declared itself to be sufficient for the guidance, and hasforbid...