Isoniazid (INH), recommended by WHO (World Health Organization) in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), is metabolized primarily by the genetically polymorphic N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) enzyme. The human population is divided into three different phenotypic groups according to acetylation rate: slow, intermediate, and fast acetylators. The objective of this study was to explore the relationsh...

Background: Chronic Spontaneous urticarial (CSU) is a common dermatological problem characterized by recurrent pruritic or burning wheals last less than 24 hours and treated many modalities of therapy including systemic antihistamines in refractory cases with Omalizumab anti-IgE antibody biological injection. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) diagnosed based on positive tuberculin skin test ...

Drug induced liver injury (DILI) leads to acute hepatitis in 10%, liver failure, and death in 30%. One of the major drugs causing DILI is Anti-tuberculous drugs and since tuberculosis is affecting 1/3rd of the total world population, their use is quite common. Use of Isoniazid (INH) is limited owing to hepatotoxicity following the stress produced by oxidative species. Silymarin has hepatoprotec...

The aim of the study was to investigate the protective effect of isoniazid-curcumin conjugate (INH-CRM) in INH-induced hepatic injury by biochemical analysis and histology examination of liver in Wistar rats. The biochemical analysis included determination of the levels of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), albumin content, and lipid peroxidation (MDA). INH-CRM administration resulted in a...

A new automated real-time PCR assay for the detection of rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) was evaluated. A total of 163 clinical samples (128 pulmonary and 35 extra-pulmonary) were processed using four PCR assay kits: Abbott RealTime MTB RIF/INH, Genotype MTBDRplus, Xpert/MTB RIF, and Anyplex MTB/MDR. The results of phenotypic drug-susceptibili...

Isoniazid (INH) resistance is most frequent among drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates. This study was conducted to investigate whether INH could induce its own resistance. During INH susceptibility testing in BACTEC 12B and MGIT 960 media, weekly subcultures were made from the drug-containing media into fresh medium without drug and susceptibility testing was performed. ...

(14)C-isoniazid (INH) was used to study the relationship between drug uptake or binding by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and growth inhibition of the organism, which is dependent upon the concentration of drug and the duration of exposure. When strain H37R(a), grown in modified Sauton's liquid medium, was treated with 0.1 mug of INH per ml for 2 to 6 hr, followed by 10 mug of nicotinic hydrazide (...

A simple and rapid reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of Isoniazid (INH) in plasma, brain, liver and kidney samples and in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). Isoniazid was analyzed by using a reverse phase column (Waters, Symmetry shield RP18, 4.6 mm x 150 cm, 5 microns), with mobile phase consisting of...

BACKGROUND Isoniazid (INH) is a highly effective antibiotic central for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). INH-resistant MTB clinical isolates are frequently mutated in the katG gene and the inhA promoter region, but 10 to 37% of INH-resistant clinical isolates have no detectable alterations in currently known gene targets associated with INH-resistance. We aimed to identify nov...

We describe the design, development, analytical performance, and a limited clinical evaluation of 10-color Xpert MTB/XDR assay (CE-IVD only, not for sale in United States). This is intended as reflex test to detect resistance isoniazid (INH), fluoroquinolones (FLQ), ethionamide (ETH), second-line injectable drugs (SLIDs) unprocessed sputum samples concentrated sediments which are positive Mycob...