The ‘‘Panama Hypothesis’’ states that the gradual closure of the Panama Seaway, between 13 million years ago (13 Ma) and 2.6 Ma, led to decreased mixing of Atlantic and Pacific water Masses, the formation of North Atlantic Deep water and strengthening of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation, increased temperatures and evaporation in the North Atlantic, increased precipitation in Northern Hemis...

Dose after a Two-dose Vaccination Series with Investigational MenABCWY Vaccine Formulations in Adolescents Xavier Saez-Llorens, MD; Diana Catalina Aguilera Vaca, MD; Katia Abarca, MD; Emmanuelle Maho, MSc; Linda Han, MD; Igor Smolenov, MD; Peter Dull, MD; Hospital del Niño, Panama City, Panama; Centro de Investigacion, Colombia, Colombia; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chil...

This paper presents the development process of the Panama Canal Simulation Model (PCSM). The PCSM was developed by The SABRE Group (SABRE) for the Panama Canal Commission (PCC) to be used in assessing pilot working conditions, and as a permanent tool in evaluating canal capacity under different operating conditions.

let $mathcal {a} $ and $mathcal {b} $ be c$^*$-algebras. assume that $mathcal {a}$ is of real rank zero and unital with unit $i$ and $k>0$ is a real number. it is shown that if $phi:mathcal{a} tomathcal{b}$ is an additive map preserving $|cdot|^k$ for all normal elements; that is, $phi(|a|^k)=|phi(a)|^k $ for all normal elements $ainmathcal a$, $phi(i)$ is a projection, and there exists a posit...

We report two species of sea anemones, Anthopleura nigrescens (Verrill, 1928) and Telmatactis panamensis 1869), for the first time from Parque Nacional Coiba, a large, protected area in Pacific off Panama. In addition, we describe external anatomical taxonomic characters provide images live specimens each species. The number anemones known Panama is updated to 57. This work constitutes study do...

5650 | P a g e 2 8 F e b r u a r y , 2 0 1 5 Eigen Faces and Principle Component Analysis for Face Recognition Systems: A Comparative Study Abdelfatah Aref Tamimi, Omaima N. A. AL-Allaf, Mohammad A. Alia 1 Associate Professor, Dept. of CS, Faculty of Sciences & IT, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, email: [email protected] 2 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Basic Sciences, Facult...

The ability of coral reefs to recover from natural and anthropogenic disturbance is difficult to predict, in part due to uncertainty regarding the dispersal capabilities and connectivity of their reef inhabitants. We developed microsatellite markers for the broadcast spawning gorgonian octocoral Eunicea (Plexaura) flexuosa (four markers) and its dinoflagellate symbiont, Symbiodinium B1 (five ma...

1 Center for Tropical Forest Science – Arnold Arboretum Asia Program, Harvard University Herbaria, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; 2 Center for Tropical Forest Science, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama, Panama; 3 Thai National Parks Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Research Office, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; and 4 For...